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37 lines
1.6 KiB
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template: doc.html
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Kernel Parameters
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There are various kernel parameters that you might want to tune in order to deal with a large number of simultaneous connections. Generally these should only affect sites with a large number of concurrent requests and apply to any sort of network server you may be running. They're listed here for ease of reference.
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The commands listed are tested under Mac OS X 10.6. Your flavor of Unix may use slightly different flags. Always reference the appropriate man pages if uncertain.
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Increasing the File Descriptor Limit
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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One of the first settings that usually needs to be bumped is the maximum number of open file descriptors for a given process. For the confused out there, remember that Unices treat sockets as files.
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::
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$ sudo ulimit -n 1024
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Increasing the Listen Queue Size
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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Listening sockets have an associated queue of incoming connections that are waiting to be accepted. If you happen to have a stampede of clients that fill up this queue new connections will eventually start getting dropped.
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::
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$ sudo sysctl -w kern.ipc.somaxconn="1024"
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Widening the Ephemeral Port Range
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+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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After a socket is closed it eventually enters the TIME_WAIT state. This can become an issue after a prolonged burst of client activity. Eventually the ephemeral port range is used up which can cause new connections to stall while they wait for a valid port.
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This setting is generally only required on machines that are being used to test a network server.
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::
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$ sudo sysctl -w net.inet.ip.portrange.first="8048" |