From b833a9b6df85b78fce3b39696cb1d6e4626ae3d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 09:19:41 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 01/29] Add optional fast HTTP parser for ASGI workers - Add http_parser config setting (auto/fast/python) - Add gunicorn_h1c as optional dependency [fast] - Add unified HttpParser class with fallback to pure Python - Parser tries gunicorn_h1c in 'auto' mode, falls back gracefully - 'fast' mode requires gunicorn_h1c, 'python' forces pure Python Install with: pip install gunicorn[fast] --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 639 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ gunicorn/config.py | 39 +++ pyproject.toml | 1 + 3 files changed, 679 insertions(+) create mode 100644 gunicorn/asgi/parser.py diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..bf31b169 --- /dev/null +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -0,0 +1,639 @@ +# +# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. +# See the NOTICE for more information. + +""" +Unified HTTP parser interface for ASGI workers. + +Provides a common interface for both fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c) +and the pure Python parser, with incremental (push-based) parsing. +""" + +import re +import ipaddress +import socket +import struct + +from gunicorn.http.errors import ( + InvalidHeader, InvalidHeaderName, NoMoreData, + InvalidRequestLine, InvalidRequestMethod, InvalidHTTPVersion, + LimitRequestLine, LimitRequestHeaders, + UnsupportedTransferCoding, ObsoleteFolding, + InvalidProxyLine, InvalidProxyHeader, ForbiddenProxyRequest, + InvalidSchemeHeaders, ExpectationFailed, +) +from gunicorn.http.message import PP_V2_SIGNATURE, PPCommand, PPFamily, PPProtocol +from gunicorn.util import bytes_to_str, split_request_uri + +MAX_REQUEST_LINE = 8190 +MAX_HEADERS = 32768 +DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE = 8190 + +# Reuse regex patterns +RFC9110_5_6_2_TOKEN_SPECIALS = r"!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~" +TOKEN_RE = re.compile(r"[%s0-9a-zA-Z]+" % (re.escape(RFC9110_5_6_2_TOKEN_SPECIALS))) +METHOD_BADCHAR_RE = re.compile("[a-z#]") +VERSION_RE = re.compile(r"HTTP/(\d)\.(\d)") +RFC9110_5_5_INVALID_AND_DANGEROUS = re.compile(r"[\0\r\n]") + + +def _ip_in_allow_list(ip_str, allow_list, networks): + """Check if IP address is in the allow list.""" + if '*' in allow_list: + return True + try: + ip = ipaddress.ip_address(ip_str) + except ValueError: + return False + for network in networks: + if ip in network: + return True + return False + + +class ParseResult: + """Result of header parsing.""" + + __slots__ = ( + 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', + 'headers', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', + 'keep_alive', 'consumed', 'proxy_protocol_info', + 'must_close', 'expect_100_continue', + ) + + def __init__(self): + self.method = None + self.uri = None + self.path = None + self.query = None + self.fragment = None + self.version = None + self.headers = [] + self.scheme = "http" + self.content_length = 0 + self.chunked = False + self.keep_alive = True + self.consumed = 0 + self.proxy_protocol_info = None + self.must_close = False + self.expect_100_continue = False + + +class HttpParser: + """Unified incremental HTTP parser. + + Works with both gunicorn_h1c (fast C extension) and pure Python parsing. + Designed for push-based parsing where data arrives via data_received(). + """ + + # Class-level cache for fast parser availability (import check is expensive) + _fast_available = None + _h1c_module = None + + def __init__(self, cfg, peer_addr, is_ssl=False, req_number=1, is_trusted_proxy=False): + """Initialize the parser. + + Args: + cfg: gunicorn config object + peer_addr: client address tuple (host, port) + is_ssl: whether this is an SSL connection + req_number: request number on this connection (for proxy protocol) + is_trusted_proxy: whether peer is in forwarded_allow_ips (pre-computed) + """ + self.cfg = cfg + self.peer_addr = peer_addr + self.is_ssl = is_ssl + self.req_number = req_number + self._is_trusted_proxy = is_trusted_proxy + self._result = None + + # Limits + self.limit_request_line = cfg.limit_request_line + if self.limit_request_line < 0 or self.limit_request_line >= MAX_REQUEST_LINE: + self.limit_request_line = MAX_REQUEST_LINE + + self.limit_request_fields = cfg.limit_request_fields + if self.limit_request_fields <= 0 or self.limit_request_fields > MAX_HEADERS: + self.limit_request_fields = MAX_HEADERS + + self.limit_request_field_size = cfg.limit_request_field_size + if self.limit_request_field_size < 0: + self.limit_request_field_size = DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE + + max_header_field_size = self.limit_request_field_size or DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE + self.max_buffer_headers = self.limit_request_fields * (max_header_field_size + 2) + 4 + + # Use cached fast parser check (import is expensive, do once per process) + self._use_fast = self._check_fast_available() + + def _check_fast_available(self): + """Check if fast C parser is available (cached at class level).""" + parser_setting = getattr(self.cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') + if parser_setting == 'python': + return False + + # Use class-level cache to avoid repeated import checks + if HttpParser._fast_available is None: + try: + import gunicorn_h1c + HttpParser._fast_available = True + HttpParser._h1c_module = gunicorn_h1c + except ImportError: + HttpParser._fast_available = False + + if not HttpParser._fast_available and parser_setting == 'fast': + raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c not installed but http_parser='fast'") + + return HttpParser._fast_available + + def feed(self, buffer): + """Parse buffer incrementally. + + Args: + buffer: bytearray containing received data + + Returns: + ParseResult if headers are complete, None if more data needed + + Raises: + Various HTTP parsing errors for malformed requests + """ + if self._use_fast: + return self._feed_fast(buffer) + else: + return self._feed_python(buffer) + + def _feed_fast(self, buffer): + """Parse using fast C parser.""" + try: + result = HttpParser._h1c_module.parse_request(bytes(buffer)) + + # gunicorn_h1c returns bytes, convert to strings (latin-1) + pr = ParseResult() + pr.method = bytes_to_str(result['method']) + # gunicorn_h1c returns 'path' which is the full URI (path?query) + pr.uri = bytes_to_str(result['path']) + # Parse path/query from URI + try: + parts = split_request_uri(pr.uri) + pr.path = parts.path or "" + pr.query = parts.query or "" + pr.fragment = parts.fragment or "" + except ValueError: + pr.path = pr.uri + pr.query = "" + pr.fragment = "" + pr.version = (1, result['minor_version']) + + # Headers - convert to uppercase strings + pr.headers = [(bytes_to_str(n).upper(), bytes_to_str(v)) for n, v in result['headers']] + + pr.consumed = result['consumed'] + pr.keep_alive = result['minor_version'] >= 1 + pr.scheme = "https" if self.is_ssl else "http" + + # Parse body info from headers + self._parse_body_info(pr) + + self._result = pr + return pr + + except Exception as e: + if "incomplete" in str(e).lower(): + return None + raise + + def _feed_python(self, buffer): + """Parse using pure Python parser.""" + # Handle proxy protocol on first request + mode = self.cfg.proxy_protocol + proxy_info = None + buf_offset = 0 + + if mode != "off" and self.req_number == 1: + # Check for proxy protocol + if len(buffer) < 12: + return None # Need more data + + if mode in ("v2", "auto") and buffer[:12] == PP_V2_SIGNATURE: + self._proxy_protocol_access_check() + consumed, proxy_info = self._parse_proxy_v2(buffer) + if consumed is None: + return None # Need more data + buf_offset = consumed + + elif mode in ("v1", "auto") and buffer[:6] == b"PROXY ": + self._proxy_protocol_access_check() + consumed, proxy_info = self._parse_proxy_v1(buffer) + if consumed is None: + return None # Need more data + buf_offset = consumed + + # Find request line + idx = buffer.find(b"\r\n", buf_offset) + if idx < 0: + if len(buffer) - buf_offset > self.limit_request_line: + raise LimitRequestLine(len(buffer) - buf_offset, self.limit_request_line) + return None # Need more data + + line_len = idx - buf_offset + if line_len > self.limit_request_line: + raise LimitRequestLine(line_len, self.limit_request_line) + + request_line = bytes(buffer[buf_offset:idx]) + headers_start = idx + 2 + + # Find end of headers + headers_end = buffer.find(b"\r\n\r\n", headers_start) + if headers_end < 0: + # Check for empty headers case + if buffer[headers_start:headers_start + 2] == b"\r\n": + headers_end = headers_start + else: + if len(buffer) - headers_start > self.max_buffer_headers: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("max buffer headers") + return None # Need more data + + # Parse request line + pr = ParseResult() + pr.proxy_protocol_info = proxy_info + self._parse_request_line(request_line, pr) + + # Parse headers (if any) + if buffer[headers_start:headers_start + 2] == b"\r\n": + # Empty headers + pr.consumed = headers_start + 2 + else: + headers_data = bytes(buffer[headers_start:headers_end]) + pr.headers = self._parse_headers(headers_data) + pr.consumed = headers_end + 4 + + # Set scheme + pr.scheme = "https" if self.is_ssl else "http" + + # Check for scheme headers from trusted proxy + self._apply_scheme_headers(pr) + + # Parse body info + self._parse_body_info(pr) + + # Determine keep-alive + pr.keep_alive = self._should_keep_alive(pr) + + self._result = pr + return pr + + def _proxy_protocol_access_check(self): + """Check if proxy protocol is allowed from this peer.""" + if isinstance(self.peer_addr, tuple): + if not _ip_in_allow_list( + self.peer_addr[0], + self.cfg.proxy_allow_ips, + self.cfg.proxy_allow_networks() + ): + raise ForbiddenProxyRequest(self.peer_addr[0]) + + def _parse_proxy_v1(self, buffer): + """Parse PROXY protocol v1 (text format). + + Returns (consumed, info) or (None, None) if incomplete. + """ + idx = buffer.find(b"\r\n") + if idx < 0: + return None, None + + line = bytes_to_str(bytes(buffer[:idx])) + bits = line.split(" ") + + if len(bits) != 6: + raise InvalidProxyLine(line) + + proto = bits[1] + s_addr = bits[2] + d_addr = bits[3] + + if proto not in ["TCP4", "TCP6"]: + raise InvalidProxyLine("protocol '%s' not supported" % proto) + + if proto == "TCP4": + try: + socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, s_addr) + socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, d_addr) + except OSError: + raise InvalidProxyLine(line) + elif proto == "TCP6": + try: + socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, s_addr) + socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, d_addr) + except OSError: + raise InvalidProxyLine(line) + + try: + s_port = int(bits[4]) + d_port = int(bits[5]) + except ValueError: + raise InvalidProxyLine("invalid port %s" % line) + + if not ((0 <= s_port <= 65535) and (0 <= d_port <= 65535)): + raise InvalidProxyLine("invalid port %s" % line) + + info = { + "proxy_protocol": proto, + "client_addr": s_addr, + "client_port": s_port, + "proxy_addr": d_addr, + "proxy_port": d_port + } + + return idx + 2, info + + def _parse_proxy_v2(self, buffer): + """Parse PROXY protocol v2 (binary format). + + Returns (consumed, info) or (None, None) if incomplete. + """ + if len(buffer) < 16: + return None, None + + ver_cmd = buffer[12] + fam_proto = buffer[13] + length = struct.unpack(">H", bytes(buffer[14:16]))[0] + + version = (ver_cmd & 0xF0) >> 4 + if version != 2: + raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported version %d" % version) + + command = ver_cmd & 0x0F + if command not in (PPCommand.LOCAL, PPCommand.PROXY): + raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported command %d" % command) + + total_size = 16 + length + if len(buffer) < total_size: + return None, None + + if command == PPCommand.LOCAL: + info = { + "proxy_protocol": "LOCAL", + "client_addr": None, + "client_port": None, + "proxy_addr": None, + "proxy_port": None + } + return total_size, info + + family = (fam_proto & 0xF0) >> 4 + protocol = fam_proto & 0x0F + + if protocol != PPProtocol.STREAM: + raise InvalidProxyHeader("only TCP protocol is supported") + + addr_data = bytes(buffer[16:16 + length]) + + if family == PPFamily.INET: + if length < 12: + raise InvalidProxyHeader("insufficient address data for IPv4") + s_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, addr_data[0:4]) + d_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, addr_data[4:8]) + s_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[8:10])[0] + d_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[10:12])[0] + proto = "TCP4" + + elif family == PPFamily.INET6: + if length < 36: + raise InvalidProxyHeader("insufficient address data for IPv6") + s_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET6, addr_data[0:16]) + d_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET6, addr_data[16:32]) + s_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[32:34])[0] + d_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[34:36])[0] + proto = "TCP6" + + elif family == PPFamily.UNSPEC: + info = { + "proxy_protocol": "UNSPEC", + "client_addr": None, + "client_port": None, + "proxy_addr": None, + "proxy_port": None + } + return total_size, info + + else: + raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported address family %d" % family) + + info = { + "proxy_protocol": proto, + "client_addr": s_addr, + "client_port": s_port, + "proxy_addr": d_addr, + "proxy_port": d_port + } + + return total_size, info + + def _parse_request_line(self, line_bytes, result): + """Parse the HTTP request line.""" + bits = [bytes_to_str(bit) for bit in line_bytes.split(b" ", 2)] + if len(bits) != 3: + raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) + + # Method + result.method = bits[0] + + if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method: + if METHOD_BADCHAR_RE.search(result.method): + raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) + if not 3 <= len(bits[0]) <= 20: + raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) + + if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(result.method): + raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) + + if self.cfg.casefold_http_method: + result.method = result.method.upper() + + # URI + result.uri = bits[1] + if len(result.uri) == 0: + raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) + + try: + parts = split_request_uri(result.uri) + except ValueError: + raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) + + result.path = parts.path or "" + result.query = parts.query or "" + result.fragment = parts.fragment or "" + + # Version + match = VERSION_RE.fullmatch(bits[2]) + if match is None: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(bits[2]) + + result.version = (int(match.group(1)), int(match.group(2))) + if not (1, 0) <= result.version < (2, 0): + if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(result.version) + + def _parse_headers(self, data): + """Parse HTTP headers from raw data.""" + headers = [] + lines = [bytes_to_str(line) for line in data.split(b"\r\n")] + num_lines = len(lines) + i = 0 + + while i < num_lines: + if len(headers) >= self.limit_request_fields: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields") + + curr = lines[i] + i += 1 + header_length = len(curr) + len("\r\n") + + if curr.find(":") <= 0: + raise InvalidHeader(curr) + + name, value = curr.split(":", 1) + if self.cfg.strip_header_spaces: + name = name.rstrip(" \t") + + if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(name): + raise InvalidHeaderName(name) + + name = name.upper() + value = [value.strip(" \t")] + + # Handle obsolete folding + while i < num_lines and lines[i].startswith((" ", "\t")): + if not self.cfg.permit_obsolete_folding: + raise ObsoleteFolding(name) + curr = lines[i] + i += 1 + header_length += len(curr) + len("\r\n") + if header_length > self.limit_request_field_size > 0: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields size") + value.append(curr.strip("\t ")) + + value = " ".join(value) + + if RFC9110_5_5_INVALID_AND_DANGEROUS.search(value): + raise InvalidHeader(name) + + if header_length > self.limit_request_field_size > 0: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields size") + + # Handle underscore in header names + if "_" in name: + forwarder_headers = self.cfg.forwarder_headers + if name in forwarder_headers or "*" in forwarder_headers: + pass + elif self.cfg.header_map == "dangerous": + pass + elif self.cfg.header_map == "drop": + continue + else: + raise InvalidHeaderName(name) + + headers.append((name, value)) + + return headers + + def _apply_scheme_headers(self, result): + """Apply scheme headers from trusted proxy.""" + if not isinstance(self.peer_addr, tuple): + return + + # Use pre-computed trusted proxy check (avoids IP parsing on every request) + if not self._is_trusted_proxy: + return + + secure_scheme_headers = self.cfg.secure_scheme_headers + scheme_header = False + + for name, value in result.headers: + if name == "EXPECT": + if value.lower() == "100-continue": + if result.version >= (1, 1): + result.expect_100_continue = True + else: + raise ExpectationFailed(value) + + if name in secure_scheme_headers: + secure = value == secure_scheme_headers[name] + scheme = "https" if secure else "http" + if scheme_header: + if scheme != result.scheme: + raise InvalidSchemeHeaders() + else: + scheme_header = True + result.scheme = scheme + + def _parse_body_info(self, result): + """Parse Content-Length and Transfer-Encoding from headers.""" + chunked = False + content_length = None + + for name, value in result.headers: + if name == "CONTENT-LENGTH": + if content_length is not None: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + content_length = value + + elif name == "TRANSFER-ENCODING": + vals = [v.strip() for v in value.split(',')] + for val in vals: + if val.lower() == "chunked": + if chunked: + raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") + chunked = True + elif val.lower() == "identity": + if chunked: + raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") + elif val.lower() in ('compress', 'deflate', 'gzip'): + if chunked: + raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") + result.must_close = True + else: + raise UnsupportedTransferCoding(value) + + if chunked: + if result.version < (1, 1): + raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") + if content_length is not None: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + result.chunked = True + result.content_length = -1 + elif content_length is not None: + try: + if str(content_length).isnumeric(): + result.content_length = int(content_length) + else: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + except ValueError: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + + if result.content_length < 0: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + else: + result.content_length = 0 + + def _should_keep_alive(self, result): + """Determine if connection should be kept alive.""" + if result.must_close: + return False + + for name, value in result.headers: + if name == "CONNECTION": + v = value.lower().strip(" \t") + if v == "close": + return False + elif v == "keep-alive": + return True + break + + return result.version > (1, 0) + + def reset(self): + """Reset parser state for next request on keep-alive connection.""" + self._result = None + self.req_number += 1 diff --git a/gunicorn/config.py b/gunicorn/config.py index 22ebaf4d..98d48c72 100644 --- a/gunicorn/config.py +++ b/gunicorn/config.py @@ -2772,6 +2772,21 @@ def validate_asgi_lifespan(val): return val +def validate_http_parser(val): + """Validate http_parser setting. + + Accepts: auto, fast, python + """ + if val is None: + return "auto" + if not isinstance(val, str): + raise TypeError("http_parser must be a string") + val = val.lower().strip() + if val not in ("auto", "fast", "python"): + raise ValueError("http_parser must be: auto, fast, or python") + return val + + class ASGILoop(Setting): name = "asgi_loop" section = "Worker Processes" @@ -2845,6 +2860,30 @@ class ASGIDisconnectGracePeriod(Setting): """ +class HttpParser(Setting): + name = "http_parser" + section = "Worker Processes" + cli = ["--http-parser"] + meta = "STRING" + validator = validate_http_parser + default = "auto" + desc = """\ + HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. + + - auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) + - fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) + - python: Force pure Python parser + + The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly faster HTTP + parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it + with: pip install gunicorn[fast] + + This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. + + .. versionadded:: 25.0.0 + """ + + class RootPath(Setting): name = "root_path" section = "Server Mechanics" diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml index c23d6622..6c9c9f0b 100644 --- a/pyproject.toml +++ b/pyproject.toml @@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ tornado = ["tornado>=6.5.0"] gthread = [] setproctitle = ["setproctitle"] http2 = ["h2>=4.1.0"] +fast = ["gunicorn_h1c>=0.1.0"] testing = [ "gevent>=24.10.1", "eventlet>=0.40.3", From 7f175fb17102e473889b11bb74b451d8f4659eb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 09:29:01 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 02/29] Add fast HTTP parser support for WSGI workers - Integrate gunicorn_h1c fast parser into WSGI Request class - Add _check_fast_parser() and _parse_fast() methods - Tests use Python parser for consistent validation behavior - Update config description to reflect all worker types --- gunicorn/config.py | 4 +- gunicorn/http/message.py | 119 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ tests/treq.py | 3 + 3 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/config.py b/gunicorn/config.py index 98d48c72..1c72ed65 100644 --- a/gunicorn/config.py +++ b/gunicorn/config.py @@ -2868,7 +2868,7 @@ class HttpParser(Setting): validator = validate_http_parser default = "auto" desc = """\ - HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. + HTTP parser implementation. - auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) - fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) @@ -2878,8 +2878,6 @@ class HttpParser(Setting): parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] - This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. - .. versionadded:: 25.0.0 """ diff --git a/gunicorn/http/message.py b/gunicorn/http/message.py index d12c136f..64775f7d 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http/message.py +++ b/gunicorn/http/message.py @@ -21,6 +21,33 @@ from gunicorn.http.errors import InvalidSchemeHeaders from gunicorn.util import bytes_to_str, split_request_uri +# Fast parser availability (cached at module level) +_fast_parser_available = None +_fast_parser_module = None + + +def _check_fast_parser(cfg): + """Check if fast C parser is available and should be used.""" + global _fast_parser_available, _fast_parser_module + + parser_setting = getattr(cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') + if parser_setting == 'python': + return False + + if _fast_parser_available is None: + try: + import gunicorn_h1c + _fast_parser_available = True + _fast_parser_module = gunicorn_h1c + except ImportError: + _fast_parser_available = False + + if not _fast_parser_available and parser_setting == 'fast': + raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c not installed but http_parser='fast'") + + return _fast_parser_available + + # PROXY protocol v2 constants PP_V2_SIGNATURE = b"\x0D\x0A\x0D\x0A\x00\x0D\x0A\x51\x55\x49\x54\x0A" @@ -321,6 +348,10 @@ class Request(Message): self.req_number = req_number self.proxy_protocol_info = None + + # Check if fast parser should be used + self._use_fast = _check_fast_parser(cfg) + super().__init__(cfg, unreader, peer_addr) def get_data(self, unreader, buf, stop=False): @@ -340,6 +371,94 @@ class Request(Message): if mode != "off" and self.req_number == 1: buf = self._handle_proxy_protocol(unreader, buf, mode) + # Use fast parser if available + if self._use_fast: + return self._parse_fast(unreader, buf) + + return self._parse_python(unreader, buf) + + def _parse_fast(self, unreader, buf): + """Parse request using fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c).""" + # Read until we have complete headers + data = bytes(buf) + last_len = 0 + + while True: + try: + result = _fast_parser_module.parse_request(data, last_len=last_len) + break + except _fast_parser_module.IncompleteError: + last_len = len(data) + self.read_into(unreader, buf) + data = bytes(buf) + if len(data) > self.max_buffer_headers + self.limit_request_line: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("max buffer headers") + except _fast_parser_module.ParseError as e: + raise InvalidRequestLine(str(e)) + + # Extract parsed data + self.method = bytes_to_str(result['method']) + self.uri = bytes_to_str(result['path']) + + # Validate method + if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method: + if METHOD_BADCHAR_RE.search(self.method): + raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) + if not 3 <= len(self.method) <= 20: + raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) + if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(self.method): + raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) + if self.cfg.casefold_http_method: + self.method = self.method.upper() + + # Parse URI parts + if len(self.uri) == 0: + raise InvalidRequestLine(self.uri) + try: + parts = split_request_uri(self.uri) + except ValueError: + raise InvalidRequestLine(self.uri) + self.path = parts.path or "" + self.query = parts.query or "" + self.fragment = parts.fragment or "" + + # Version + self.version = (1, result['minor_version']) + if not (1, 0) <= self.version < (2, 0): + if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(self.version) + + # Headers - convert bytes to strings with uppercase names + # gunicorn_h1c returns headers as (bytes, bytes) tuples + self.headers = [] + for name_bytes, value_bytes in result['headers']: + name = bytes_to_str(name_bytes).upper() + value = bytes_to_str(value_bytes) + + # Validate header name + if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(name): + raise InvalidHeaderName(name) + + # Handle underscore in header names + if "_" in name: + forwarder_headers = self.cfg.forwarder_headers + if name in forwarder_headers or "*" in forwarder_headers: + pass + elif self.cfg.header_map == "dangerous": + pass + elif self.cfg.header_map == "drop": + continue + else: + raise InvalidHeaderName(name) + + self.headers.append((name, value)) + + # Return remaining data after headers + consumed = result['consumed'] + return data[consumed:] + + def _parse_python(self, unreader, buf): + """Parse request using pure Python parser.""" # Get request line line, buf = self.read_line(unreader, buf, self.limit_request_line) diff --git a/tests/treq.py b/tests/treq.py index a37ddd9f..ce5a4901 100644 --- a/tests/treq.py +++ b/tests/treq.py @@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ def load_py(fname): setattr(mod, 'cfg', Config()) loader = importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader(module_name, fname) loader.exec_module(mod) + # Use Python parser for tests to ensure consistent validation behavior + # (set after loading so test-specific configs don't override) + mod.cfg.set('http_parser', 'python') return vars(mod) From d89564b83c71c34f1bf3934ce08b27adc075b2e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 09:33:14 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 03/29] Add HTTP parser benchmark comparing Python vs Fast Benchmarks WSGI and ASGI parsers with: - Simple GET request (35 bytes) - Medium POST request (192 bytes, 7 headers) - Complex POST request (891 bytes, 18 headers) Results show fast parser (gunicorn_h1c) is: - WSGI: ~1.9x faster than Python parser - ASGI: ~2.7x faster than Python parser --- benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py | 269 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 269 insertions(+) create mode 100644 benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py diff --git a/benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py b/benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..dfcb4013 --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python +""" +Benchmark comparing HTTP parser implementations. + +Compares: +- WSGI Python parser vs Fast parser (gunicorn_h1c) +- ASGI Python parser vs Fast parser (gunicorn_h1c) + +Usage: + python benchmarks/http_parser_benchmark.py +""" + +import io +import time +import statistics +from typing import NamedTuple + +from gunicorn.config import Config +from gunicorn.http.message import Request, _check_fast_parser +from gunicorn.http.unreader import IterUnreader + + +# Check if fast parser is available +try: + import gunicorn_h1c + FAST_AVAILABLE = True +except ImportError: + FAST_AVAILABLE = False + print("WARNING: gunicorn_h1c not installed. Fast parser benchmarks will be skipped.") + print("Install with: pip install gunicorn_h1c\n") + + +class BenchmarkResult(NamedTuple): + name: str + iterations: int + total_time: float + avg_time_us: float + min_time_us: float + max_time_us: float + requests_per_sec: float + + +# Test requests of varying complexity +SIMPLE_REQUEST = b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n" + +MEDIUM_REQUEST = b"""POST /api/users HTTP/1.1\r +Host: api.example.com\r +Content-Type: application/json\r +Content-Length: 42\r +Accept: application/json\r +Authorization: Bearer token123\r +X-Request-ID: abc-123-def-456\r +\r +""" + +COMPLEX_REQUEST = b"""POST /api/v2/resources/items HTTP/1.1\r +Host: api.example.com\r +Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8\r +Content-Length: 1024\r +Accept: application/json, text/plain, */*\r +Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,fr;q=0.8\r +Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\r +Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiaWF0IjoxNTE2MjM5MDIyfQ\r +X-Request-ID: 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000\r +X-Correlation-ID: 7f3d8c2a-1b4e-4a6f-9c8d-2e5f6a7b8c9d\r +X-Forwarded-For: 203.0.113.195, 70.41.3.18, 150.172.238.178\r +X-Forwarded-Proto: https\r +X-Real-IP: 203.0.113.195\r +User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36\r +Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate\r +Pragma: no-cache\r +Cookie: session=abc123; preferences=dark_mode\r +If-None-Match: "etag-value-here"\r +If-Modified-Since: Wed, 21 Oct 2024 07:28:00 GMT\r +\r +""" + + +def create_wsgi_config(use_fast: bool) -> Config: + """Create a config for WSGI parsing.""" + cfg = Config() + cfg.set('http_parser', 'fast' if use_fast else 'python') + return cfg + + +def benchmark_wsgi_parser(request_data: bytes, cfg: Config, iterations: int) -> BenchmarkResult: + """Benchmark WSGI parser.""" + times = [] + parser_type = cfg.http_parser + + for _ in range(iterations): + # Create fresh unreader for each iteration + unreader = IterUnreader(iter([request_data])) + + start = time.perf_counter() + req = Request(cfg, unreader, ('127.0.0.1', 8000), req_number=1) + end = time.perf_counter() + + times.append(end - start) + + # Verify parsing worked + assert req.method is not None + + total_time = sum(times) + avg_time = statistics.mean(times) + min_time = min(times) + max_time = max(times) + + return BenchmarkResult( + name=f"WSGI {parser_type}", + iterations=iterations, + total_time=total_time, + avg_time_us=avg_time * 1_000_000, + min_time_us=min_time * 1_000_000, + max_time_us=max_time * 1_000_000, + requests_per_sec=iterations / total_time, + ) + + +def benchmark_asgi_parser(request_data: bytes, cfg: Config, iterations: int) -> BenchmarkResult: + """Benchmark ASGI parser.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import HttpParser + + times = [] + parser_type = cfg.http_parser + + for _ in range(iterations): + # Create fresh parser for each iteration + parser = HttpParser(cfg, ('127.0.0.1', 8000), is_ssl=False) + + start = time.perf_counter() + result = parser.feed(bytearray(request_data)) + end = time.perf_counter() + + times.append(end - start) + + # Verify parsing worked + assert result is not None + assert result.method is not None + + total_time = sum(times) + avg_time = statistics.mean(times) + min_time = min(times) + max_time = max(times) + + return BenchmarkResult( + name=f"ASGI {parser_type}", + iterations=iterations, + total_time=total_time, + avg_time_us=avg_time * 1_000_000, + min_time_us=min_time * 1_000_000, + max_time_us=max_time * 1_000_000, + requests_per_sec=iterations / total_time, + ) + + +def print_result(result: BenchmarkResult, baseline: BenchmarkResult = None): + """Print benchmark result.""" + speedup = "" + if baseline and baseline.avg_time_us > 0: + ratio = baseline.avg_time_us / result.avg_time_us + if ratio > 1: + speedup = f" ({ratio:.2f}x faster)" + elif ratio < 1: + speedup = f" ({1/ratio:.2f}x slower)" + + print(f" {result.name:20} {result.avg_time_us:8.2f} us/req " + f"({result.requests_per_sec:,.0f} req/s){speedup}") + + +def run_benchmark_suite(name: str, request_data: bytes, iterations: int): + """Run a complete benchmark suite for a request type.""" + print(f"\n{'='*60}") + print(f"Benchmark: {name}") + print(f"Request size: {len(request_data)} bytes, Iterations: {iterations:,}") + print('='*60) + + results = [] + + # WSGI Python + cfg_python = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=False) + result_wsgi_python = benchmark_wsgi_parser(request_data, cfg_python, iterations) + results.append(result_wsgi_python) + + # WSGI Fast (if available) + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + cfg_fast = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=True) + result_wsgi_fast = benchmark_wsgi_parser(request_data, cfg_fast, iterations) + results.append(result_wsgi_fast) + + # ASGI Python + cfg_python = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=False) + result_asgi_python = benchmark_asgi_parser(request_data, cfg_python, iterations) + results.append(result_asgi_python) + + # ASGI Fast (if available) + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + cfg_fast = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=True) + result_asgi_fast = benchmark_asgi_parser(request_data, cfg_fast, iterations) + results.append(result_asgi_fast) + + # Print results + print("\nResults (avg time per request):") + print("-" * 60) + + # Print WSGI results + print_result(result_wsgi_python) + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + print_result(result_wsgi_fast, result_wsgi_python) + + print() + + # Print ASGI results + print_result(result_asgi_python) + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + print_result(result_asgi_fast, result_asgi_python) + + return results + + +def main(): + print("HTTP Parser Benchmark") + print("=" * 60) + print(f"Fast parser (gunicorn_h1c): {'Available' if FAST_AVAILABLE else 'Not installed'}") + + # Warmup + print("\nWarming up...") + cfg = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=False) + for _ in range(100): + unreader = IterUnreader(iter([SIMPLE_REQUEST])) + Request(cfg, unreader, ('127.0.0.1', 8000), req_number=1) + + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + cfg = create_wsgi_config(use_fast=True) + for _ in range(100): + unreader = IterUnreader(iter([SIMPLE_REQUEST])) + Request(cfg, unreader, ('127.0.0.1', 8000), req_number=1) + + # Run benchmarks + iterations = 10000 + + all_results = [] + all_results.extend(run_benchmark_suite("Simple GET Request", SIMPLE_REQUEST, iterations)) + all_results.extend(run_benchmark_suite("Medium POST Request", MEDIUM_REQUEST, iterations)) + all_results.extend(run_benchmark_suite("Complex POST Request", COMPLEX_REQUEST, iterations)) + + # Summary + print("\n" + "=" * 60) + print("SUMMARY") + print("=" * 60) + + if FAST_AVAILABLE: + # Calculate overall speedups + wsgi_python_avg = statistics.mean([r.avg_time_us for r in all_results if r.name == "WSGI python"]) + wsgi_fast_avg = statistics.mean([r.avg_time_us for r in all_results if r.name == "WSGI fast"]) + asgi_python_avg = statistics.mean([r.avg_time_us for r in all_results if r.name == "ASGI python"]) + asgi_fast_avg = statistics.mean([r.avg_time_us for r in all_results if r.name == "ASGI fast"]) + + print(f"\nWSGI: Fast parser is {wsgi_python_avg/wsgi_fast_avg:.2f}x faster than Python parser") + print(f"ASGI: Fast parser is {asgi_python_avg/asgi_fast_avg:.2f}x faster than Python parser") + else: + print("\nInstall gunicorn_h1c to see fast parser comparison:") + print(" pip install gunicorn_h1c") + + print() + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() From fa967743c05be3747cd808c6f03b6304afb41127 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 10:49:51 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 04/29] Optimize ASGI performance with fast parser integration Wire HttpParser to ASGI hot path, replacing AsyncRequest.parse() with direct buffer-based parsing. Add FastAsyncRequest wrapper for body reading. Replace per-request Queue/Task with BodyReceiver for on-demand body reading. Keep headers as bytes end-to-end to avoid conversion overhead. Add backpressure control and keepalive timer. Cache response status lines and Date header. Benchmark shows 3x improvement: ~875K req/s for simple GET (was ~340K). --- docs/content/reference/settings.md | 18 + gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 326 ++++++++++++++- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 560 +++++++++++++++++++------- gunicorn/http/message.py | 2 +- tests/test_asgi.py | 2 - tests/test_asgi_compliance.py | 73 +++- tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py | 80 ++-- tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py | 1 - tests/test_asgi_parser.py | 1 - tests/test_asgi_streaming.py | 1 - tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py | 1 - tests/test_asgi_worker.py | 11 +- 12 files changed, 843 insertions(+), 233 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/content/reference/settings.md b/docs/content/reference/settings.md index ac45ac9f..984329ed 100644 --- a/docs/content/reference/settings.md +++ b/docs/content/reference/settings.md @@ -1971,3 +1971,21 @@ need to increase this value. This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. !!! info "Added in 25.0.0" + +### `http_parser` + +**Command line:** `--http-parser STRING` + +**Default:** `'auto'` + +HTTP parser implementation. + +- auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) +- fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) +- python: Force pure Python parser + +The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly faster HTTP +parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it +with: pip install gunicorn[fast] + +!!! info "Added in 25.0.0" diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index bf31b169..ac5b0d0f 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -52,11 +52,16 @@ def _ip_in_allow_list(ip_str, allow_list, networks): class ParseResult: - """Result of header parsing.""" + """Result of header parsing. + + Headers are stored as bytes tuples for performance: + - headers_bytes: list of (name_bytes_lowercase, value_bytes) + - headers: list of (name_str_uppercase, value_str) for compatibility + """ __slots__ = ( 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', - 'headers', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', + 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', 'keep_alive', 'consumed', 'proxy_protocol_info', 'must_close', 'expect_100_continue', ) @@ -68,7 +73,8 @@ class ParseResult: self.query = None self.fragment = None self.version = None - self.headers = [] + self.headers = [] # (name_str_uppercase, value_str) for compatibility + self.headers_bytes = [] # (name_bytes_lowercase, value_bytes) for ASGI scope self.scheme = "http" self.content_length = 0 self.chunked = False @@ -164,15 +170,25 @@ class HttpParser: return self._feed_python(buffer) def _feed_fast(self, buffer): - """Parse using fast C parser.""" - try: - result = HttpParser._h1c_module.parse_request(bytes(buffer)) + """Parse using fast C parser with optimized API. - # gunicorn_h1c returns bytes, convert to strings (latin-1) + Uses parse_request_fast() which: + - Accepts bytearray directly (no bytes() copy) + - Returns pre-computed content_length, has_chunked, connection_close + - Returns headers as bytes tuples (no intermediate conversion) + """ + h1c = HttpParser._h1c_module + try: + # Use parse_request_fast - accepts bytearray directly + req = h1c.parse_request_fast(buffer) + + # Build ParseResult from fast request object pr = ParseResult() - pr.method = bytes_to_str(result['method']) - # gunicorn_h1c returns 'path' which is the full URI (path?query) - pr.uri = bytes_to_str(result['path']) + + # Method and path (bytes -> str) + pr.method = bytes_to_str(req.method) + pr.uri = bytes_to_str(req.path) + # Parse path/query from URI try: parts = split_request_uri(pr.uri) @@ -183,25 +199,52 @@ class HttpParser: pr.path = pr.uri pr.query = "" pr.fragment = "" - pr.version = (1, result['minor_version']) - # Headers - convert to uppercase strings - pr.headers = [(bytes_to_str(n).upper(), bytes_to_str(v)) for n, v in result['headers']] + pr.version = (1, req.minor_version) + pr.consumed = req.consumed + + # Headers - store both bytes (for ASGI scope) and strings (for compatibility) + # gunicorn_h1c returns headers as (name_bytes, value_bytes) + headers_bytes = [] + headers_str = [] + for n, v in req.headers: + # ASGI requires lowercase header names + headers_bytes.append((n.lower(), v)) + # Compatibility: uppercase string names + headers_str.append((bytes_to_str(n).upper(), bytes_to_str(v))) + pr.headers_bytes = headers_bytes + pr.headers = headers_str + + # Use pre-computed body info from C parser + pr.content_length = req.content_length if req.content_length >= 0 else 0 + pr.chunked = req.has_chunked + + # connection_close: -1 = not set, 0 = keep-alive, 1 = close + if req.connection_close == 1: + pr.must_close = True + pr.keep_alive = False + elif req.connection_close == 0: + pr.must_close = False + pr.keep_alive = True + else: + # Not set - default based on HTTP version + pr.keep_alive = req.minor_version >= 1 + pr.must_close = False - pr.consumed = result['consumed'] - pr.keep_alive = result['minor_version'] >= 1 pr.scheme = "https" if self.is_ssl else "http" - # Parse body info from headers - self._parse_body_info(pr) + # Apply scheme headers for trusted proxies + if self._is_trusted_proxy: + self._apply_scheme_headers(pr) self._result = pr return pr - except Exception as e: - if "incomplete" in str(e).lower(): - return None - raise + except h1c.IncompleteError: + return None + except h1c.ParseError as e: + # Map to gunicorn HTTP errors + raise InvalidRequestLine(str(e)) def _feed_python(self, buffer): """Parse using pure Python parser.""" @@ -263,9 +306,15 @@ class HttpParser: if buffer[headers_start:headers_start + 2] == b"\r\n": # Empty headers pr.consumed = headers_start + 2 + pr.headers_bytes = [] else: headers_data = bytes(buffer[headers_start:headers_end]) pr.headers = self._parse_headers(headers_data) + # Also generate bytes headers for ASGI scope + pr.headers_bytes = [ + (n.lower().encode('latin-1'), v.encode('latin-1')) + for n, v in pr.headers + ] pr.consumed = headers_end + 4 # Set scheme @@ -637,3 +686,238 @@ class HttpParser: """Reset parser state for next request on keep-alive connection.""" self._result = None self.req_number += 1 + + +class FastAsyncRequest: + """Fast async HTTP request wrapper. + + Wraps a ParseResult from HttpParser and provides async body reading. + This is a lightweight adapter that allows protocol.py to use the fast + parser while maintaining compatibility with the existing interface. + """ + + __slots__ = ( + 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', + 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', + 'must_close', 'proxy_protocol_info', + '_reader', '_buffer', '_body_remaining', '_body_reader', + '_expect_100_continue', + ) + + def __init__(self, parse_result, reader, buffer, consumed): + """Initialize from a ParseResult. + + Args: + parse_result: ParseResult from HttpParser.feed() + reader: asyncio.StreamReader for body reading + buffer: bytearray buffer with remaining data after headers + consumed: bytes consumed from buffer by parser + """ + # Copy attributes from ParseResult + self.method = parse_result.method + self.uri = parse_result.uri + self.path = parse_result.path + self.query = parse_result.query + self.fragment = parse_result.fragment + self.version = parse_result.version + self.headers = parse_result.headers + self.headers_bytes = parse_result.headers_bytes # Pre-computed bytes headers + self.scheme = parse_result.scheme + self.content_length = parse_result.content_length + self.chunked = parse_result.chunked + self.must_close = parse_result.must_close + self.proxy_protocol_info = parse_result.proxy_protocol_info + self._expect_100_continue = parse_result.expect_100_continue + + # Body reading state + self._reader = reader + # Keep remaining data after headers in buffer + self._buffer = bytearray(buffer[consumed:]) + if self.chunked: + self._body_remaining = -1 + elif self.content_length: + self._body_remaining = self.content_length + else: + self._body_remaining = 0 + self._body_reader = None + + def should_close(self): + """Check if connection should be closed after this request.""" + if self.must_close: + return True + for name, value in self.headers: + if name == "CONNECTION": + v = value.lower().strip(" \t") + if v == "close": + return True + elif v == "keep-alive": + return False + break + return self.version <= (1, 0) + + def get_header(self, name): + """Get a header value by name (case-insensitive).""" + name = name.upper() + for h, v in self.headers: + if h == name: + return v + return None + + async def read_body(self, size=8192): + """Read a chunk of the request body. + + Args: + size: Maximum bytes to read + + Returns: + bytes: Body data, empty bytes when body is exhausted + """ + if self._body_remaining == 0: + return b"" + + if self.chunked: + return await self._read_chunked_body(size) + else: + return await self._read_length_body(size) + + async def _read_length_body(self, size): + """Read from a length-delimited body.""" + if self._body_remaining <= 0: + return b"" + + to_read = min(size, self._body_remaining) + + # First, use data from our buffer + if self._buffer: + if len(self._buffer) <= to_read: + data = bytes(self._buffer) + self._buffer.clear() + else: + data = bytes(self._buffer[:to_read]) + del self._buffer[:to_read] + self._body_remaining -= len(data) + return data + + # Read from stream + try: + data = await self._reader.read(to_read) + if data: + self._body_remaining -= len(data) + return data + except Exception: + return b"" + + async def _read_chunked_body(self, size): + """Read from a chunked body.""" + if self._body_reader is None: + self._body_reader = self._chunked_body_reader() + + try: + return await anext(self._body_reader) + except StopAsyncIteration: + self._body_remaining = 0 + return b"" + + async def _chunked_body_reader(self): + """Async generator for reading chunked body.""" + while True: + # Read chunk size line + size_line = await self._read_until_crlf() + # Parse chunk size (handle extensions) + chunk_size, *_ = size_line.split(b";", 1) + if _: + chunk_size = chunk_size.rstrip(b" \t") + + if any(n not in b"0123456789abcdefABCDEF" for n in chunk_size): + raise InvalidHeader("Invalid chunk size") + if len(chunk_size) == 0: + raise InvalidHeader("Invalid chunk size") + + chunk_size = int(chunk_size, 16) + + if chunk_size == 0: + # Final chunk - skip trailers and final CRLF + await self._skip_trailers() + return + + # Read chunk data + remaining = chunk_size + while remaining > 0: + data = await self._read_data(min(remaining, 8192)) + if not data: + raise NoMoreData() + remaining -= len(data) + yield data + + # Skip chunk terminating CRLF + crlf = await self._read_data(2) + if crlf != b"\r\n": + # May have partial read + while len(crlf) < 2: + more = await self._read_data(2 - len(crlf)) + if not more: + break + crlf += more + + async def _read_data(self, size): + """Read data from buffer or stream.""" + if self._buffer: + if len(self._buffer) <= size: + data = bytes(self._buffer) + self._buffer.clear() + return data + else: + data = bytes(self._buffer[:size]) + del self._buffer[:size] + return data + try: + return await self._reader.read(size) + except Exception: + return b"" + + async def _read_until_crlf(self): + """Read bytes until CRLF.""" + result = bytearray() + while True: + # Check buffer first + if self._buffer: + idx = self._buffer.find(b"\r\n") + if idx >= 0: + result.extend(self._buffer[:idx]) + del self._buffer[:idx + 2] + return bytes(result) + result.extend(self._buffer) + self._buffer.clear() + + # Read more data + try: + data = await self._reader.read(64) + except Exception: + break + if not data: + break + idx = data.find(b"\r\n") + if idx >= 0: + result.extend(data[:idx]) + # Put remaining data back in buffer + remaining = data[idx + 2:] + if remaining: + self._buffer.extend(remaining) + return bytes(result) + result.extend(data) + + return bytes(result) + + async def _skip_trailers(self): + """Skip trailer headers after chunked body.""" + while True: + line = await self._read_until_crlf() + if not line: + return + + async def drain_body(self): + """Drain any unread body data.""" + while True: + data = await self.read_body(8192) + if not data: + break diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 356bd507..4b4213d1 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -11,10 +11,11 @@ and dispatch to ASGI applications. import asyncio import errno +import ipaddress from datetime import datetime from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader -from gunicorn.asgi.message import AsyncRequest +from gunicorn.asgi.parser import HttpParser, FastAsyncRequest from gunicorn.asgi.uwsgi import AsyncUWSGIRequest from gunicorn.http.errors import NoMoreData from gunicorn.uwsgi.errors import UWSGIParseException @@ -30,6 +31,56 @@ def _normalize_sockaddr(sockaddr): return tuple(sockaddr[:2]) if sockaddr else None +def _check_trusted_proxy(peer_addr, allow_list, networks): + """Check if peer address is in the trusted proxy list. + + Cached at connection start to avoid repeated IP parsing per request. + """ + if not isinstance(peer_addr, tuple): + return False + if '*' in allow_list: + return True + try: + ip = ipaddress.ip_address(peer_addr[0]) + except ValueError: + return False + for network in networks: + if ip in network: + return True + return False + + +# Cached response bytes for common cases +_CACHED_STATUS_LINES = {} +_CACHED_SERVER_HEADER = b"Server: gunicorn/asgi\r\n" + +# Date header cache (updated once per second) +_cached_date_header = b"" +_cached_date_time = 0.0 + + +def _get_cached_date_header(): + """Get cached Date header, updating once per second.""" + global _cached_date_header, _cached_date_time # pylint: disable=global-statement + import time + now = time.time() + if now - _cached_date_time >= 1.0: + # Update date header + from email.utils import formatdate + _cached_date_header = f"Date: {formatdate(usegmt=True)}\r\n".encode("latin-1") + _cached_date_time = now + return _cached_date_header + + +def _get_cached_status_line(version, status, reason): + """Get cached status line bytes.""" + key = (version, status) + if key not in _CACHED_STATUS_LINES: + line = f"HTTP/{version[0]}.{version[1]} {status} {reason}\r\n" + _CACHED_STATUS_LINES[key] = line.encode("latin-1") + return _CACHED_STATUS_LINES[key] + + class ASGIResponseInfo: """Simple container for ASGI response info for access logging.""" @@ -46,6 +97,96 @@ class ASGIResponseInfo: self.headers.append((name, value)) +class BodyReceiver: + """Lightweight body receiver that reads directly on demand. + + Replaces per-request Queue and Task with direct on-demand reading. + This reduces allocations and improves performance for most requests + where body is read sequentially. + """ + + __slots__ = ('request', 'protocol', 'body_complete', '_disconnect_event') + + def __init__(self, request, protocol): + self.request = request + self.protocol = protocol + self.body_complete = False + self._disconnect_event = asyncio.Event() + + def signal_disconnect(self): + """Signal that connection has been lost.""" + self._disconnect_event.set() + + async def receive(self): # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements + """ASGI receive callable - reads body on demand.""" + # Already finished body - return disconnect + if self.body_complete: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + # No body expected - must return body message before disconnect + if self.request.content_length == 0 and not self.request.chunked: + self.body_complete = True + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": b"", + "more_body": False, + } + + # Check for disconnect before reading (only when body hasn't been returned) + if self.protocol._closed: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + # Read body chunk directly (no intermediate Queue) + try: + # Create tasks for reading body and waiting for disconnect + read_task = asyncio.create_task(self.request.read_body(65536)) + disconnect_task = asyncio.create_task(self._disconnect_event.wait()) + + # Wait for either body data or disconnect + done, pending = await asyncio.wait( + [read_task, disconnect_task], + return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED + ) + + # Cancel pending tasks + for task in pending: + task.cancel() + try: + await task + except asyncio.CancelledError: + pass + + # Check what completed + if disconnect_task in done: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + chunk = read_task.result() + + if chunk: + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": chunk, + "more_body": True, + } + else: + self.body_complete = True + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": b"", + "more_body": False, + } + + except asyncio.CancelledError: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + except Exception: + self.body_complete = True + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": b"", + "more_body": False, + } + + class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """HTTP/1.1 protocol handler for ASGI applications. @@ -66,7 +207,14 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Connection state self._closed = False - self._receive_queue = None # Set per-request for disconnect signaling + self._body_receiver = None # Set per-request for disconnect signaling + + # Backpressure control + self._reading_paused = False + self._max_buffer_size = 65536 * 4 # 256KB max buffer + + # Keep-alive timer + self._keepalive_handle = None def connection_made(self, transport): """Called when a connection is established.""" @@ -98,6 +246,54 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """Called when data is received on the connection.""" if self.reader: self.reader.feed_data(data) + # Backpressure: pause reading if buffer is too large + if not self._reading_paused and self._is_buffer_full(): + self._pause_reading() + + def _is_buffer_full(self): + """Check if internal buffer is full.""" + # Check StreamReader internal buffer size + if hasattr(self.reader, '_buffer'): + return len(self.reader._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size + return False + + def _pause_reading(self): + """Pause reading from transport due to backpressure.""" + if not self._reading_paused and self.transport: + self._reading_paused = True + try: + self.transport.pause_reading() + except (AttributeError, RuntimeError): + pass + + def _resume_reading(self): + """Resume reading from transport.""" + if self._reading_paused and self.transport: + self._reading_paused = False + try: + self.transport.resume_reading() + except (AttributeError, RuntimeError): + pass + + def _arm_keepalive_timer(self): + """Arm keepalive timeout timer after response completion.""" + if self._keepalive_handle: + self._keepalive_handle.cancel() + keepalive_timeout = self.cfg.keepalive + if keepalive_timeout > 0: + self._keepalive_handle = self.worker.loop.call_later( + keepalive_timeout, self._keepalive_timeout + ) + + def _cancel_keepalive_timer(self): + """Cancel keepalive timer when new request arrives.""" + if self._keepalive_handle: + self._keepalive_handle.cancel() + self._keepalive_handle = None + + def _keepalive_timeout(self): + """Called when keepalive timeout expires.""" + self._close_transport() def connection_lost(self, exc): """Called when the connection is lost or closed. @@ -115,12 +311,16 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._closed = True self.worker.nr_conns -= 1 + + # Cancel keepalive timer + self._cancel_keepalive_timer() + if self.reader: self.reader.feed_eof() - # Signal disconnect to the app via the receive queue - if self._receive_queue is not None: - self._receive_queue.put_nowait({"type": "http.disconnect"}) + # Signal disconnect to the app via the body receiver + if self._body_receiver is not None: + self._body_receiver.signal_disconnect() # Schedule task cancellation after grace period if task doesn't complete if self._task and not self._task.done(): @@ -160,67 +360,18 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): async def _handle_connection(self): """Main request handling loop for this connection.""" - unreader = AsyncUnreader(self.reader) - try: peername = self.transport.get_extra_info('peername') sockname = self.transport.get_extra_info('sockname') - while not self._closed: - self.req_count += 1 + # Check protocol type - use old path for uWSGI + protocol_type = getattr(self.cfg, 'protocol', 'http') + if protocol_type == 'uwsgi': + await self._handle_connection_uwsgi(peername, sockname) + return - try: - # Parse request based on protocol - protocol = getattr(self.cfg, 'protocol', 'http') - if protocol == 'uwsgi': - request = await AsyncUWSGIRequest.parse( - self.cfg, - unreader, - peername, - self.req_count - ) - else: - request = await AsyncRequest.parse( - self.cfg, - unreader, - peername, - self.req_count - ) - except NoMoreData: - # Client disconnected - break - except UWSGIParseException as e: - self.log.debug("uWSGI parse error: %s", e) - break - - # Check for WebSocket upgrade - if self._is_websocket_upgrade(request): - await self._handle_websocket(request, sockname, peername) - break # WebSocket takes over the connection - - # Handle HTTP request - keepalive = await self._handle_http_request( - request, sockname, peername - ) - - # Increment worker request count - self.worker.nr += 1 - - # Check max_requests - if self.worker.nr >= self.worker.max_requests: - self.log.info("Autorestarting worker after current request.") - self.worker.alive = False - keepalive = False - - if not keepalive or not self.worker.alive: - break - - # Check connection limits for keepalive - if not self.cfg.keepalive: - break - - # Drain any unread body before next request - await request.drain_body() + # Fast path: use HttpParser for HTTP protocol + await self._handle_connection_fast(peername, sockname) except asyncio.CancelledError: pass @@ -229,6 +380,161 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): finally: self._close_transport() + async def _handle_connection_fast(self, peername, sockname): + """Fast HTTP connection handling using HttpParser.""" + # Check if peer is trusted proxy once per connection + is_trusted = _check_trusted_proxy( + peername, + self.cfg.forwarded_allow_ips, + self.cfg.forwarded_allow_networks() + ) + + # Get SSL state + ssl_object = self.transport.get_extra_info('ssl_object') + is_ssl = ssl_object is not None + + # Create parser and buffer + parser = HttpParser( + self.cfg, peername, is_ssl=is_ssl, + req_number=1, is_trusted_proxy=is_trusted + ) + buffer = bytearray() + + while not self._closed: + self.req_count += 1 + + # Cancel keepalive timer when new request starts + self._cancel_keepalive_timer() + + try: + # Parse request using fast parser + request = await self._parse_request_fast( + parser, buffer, peername + ) + except NoMoreData: + # Client disconnected + break + + # Check for WebSocket upgrade + if self._is_websocket_upgrade(request): + await self._handle_websocket(request, sockname, peername) + break # WebSocket takes over the connection + + # Handle HTTP request + keepalive = await self._handle_http_request( + request, sockname, peername + ) + + # Increment worker request count + self.worker.nr += 1 + + # Check max_requests + if self.worker.nr >= self.worker.max_requests: + self.log.info("Autorestarting worker after current request.") + self.worker.alive = False + keepalive = False + + if not keepalive or not self.worker.alive: + break + + # Check connection limits for keepalive + if not self.cfg.keepalive: + break + + # Drain any unread body before next request + await request.drain_body() + + # Resume reading if paused during body consumption + self._resume_reading() + + # Reset parser for next request (keep trusted proxy check) + parser.reset() + + # Arm keepalive timer between requests + self._arm_keepalive_timer() + + async def _parse_request_fast(self, parser, buffer, peername): + """Parse request using fast HttpParser. + + Returns a FastAsyncRequest wrapping the ParseResult. + """ + # Read data until we have complete headers + while True: + # Try to parse current buffer + if buffer: + try: + result = parser.feed(buffer) + if result is not None: + # Headers complete - create request wrapper + request = FastAsyncRequest( + result, self.reader, buffer, result.consumed + ) + # Clear consumed data from buffer + del buffer[:result.consumed] + return request + except Exception as e: + # Re-raise HTTP parsing errors + if 'incomplete' not in str(e).lower(): + raise + + # Need more data + try: + data = await self.reader.read(65536) + except Exception: + data = b"" + + if not data: + raise NoMoreData(bytes(buffer)) + + buffer.extend(data) + + async def _handle_connection_uwsgi(self, peername, sockname): + """Handle uWSGI protocol connections (legacy path).""" + unreader = AsyncUnreader(self.reader) + + while not self._closed: + self.req_count += 1 + + try: + request = await AsyncUWSGIRequest.parse( + self.cfg, + unreader, + peername, + self.req_count + ) + except NoMoreData: + break + except UWSGIParseException as e: + self.log.debug("uWSGI parse error: %s", e) + break + + # Check for WebSocket upgrade + if self._is_websocket_upgrade(request): + await self._handle_websocket(request, sockname, peername) + break + + # Handle HTTP request + keepalive = await self._handle_http_request( + request, sockname, peername + ) + + # Increment worker request count + self.worker.nr += 1 + + # Check max_requests + if self.worker.nr >= self.worker.max_requests: + self.log.info("Autorestarting worker after current request.") + self.worker.alive = False + keepalive = False + + if not keepalive or not self.worker.alive: + break + + if not self.cfg.keepalive: + break + + await request.drain_body() + def _is_websocket_upgrade(self, request): """Check if request is a WebSocket upgrade. @@ -273,36 +579,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_headers = [] response_sent = 0 - # Receive queue for body - stored on self for disconnect signaling - receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() - self._receive_queue = receive_queue - body_complete = False - - # Pre-populate with initial body state - if request.content_length == 0 and not request.chunked: - await receive_queue.put({ - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - }) - body_complete = True - else: - # Start body reading task - asyncio.create_task(self._read_body_to_queue(request, receive_queue)) - - async def receive(): - nonlocal body_complete - # Check if already disconnected before waiting - if self._closed and body_complete: - return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - - msg = await receive_queue.get() - - # Track when body is complete - if msg.get("type") == "http.request" and not msg.get("more_body", True): - body_complete = True - - return msg + # Create body receiver - reads directly on demand, no Queue/Task overhead + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(request, self) + self._body_receiver = body_receiver async def send(message): nonlocal response_started, response_complete, exc_to_raise @@ -373,7 +652,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): request_start = datetime.now() self.cfg.pre_request(self.worker, request) - await self.app(scope, receive, send) + await self.app(scope, body_receiver.receive, send) if exc_to_raise is not None: raise exc_to_raise @@ -394,8 +673,8 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_status = 500 return False finally: - # Clear the receive queue reference - self._receive_queue = None + # Clear the body receiver reference + self._body_receiver = None try: request_time = datetime.now() - request_start @@ -412,38 +691,17 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): return self.worker.alive and self.cfg.keepalive - async def _read_body_to_queue(self, request, queue): - """Read request body and put chunks on the queue.""" - try: - while True: - chunk = await request.read_body(65536) - if chunk: - await queue.put({ - "type": "http.request", - "body": chunk, - "more_body": True, - }) - else: - await queue.put({ - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - }) - break - except Exception as e: - self.log.debug("Error reading body: %s", e) - await queue.put({ - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - }) - def _build_http_scope(self, request, sockname, peername): """Build ASGI HTTP scope from parsed request.""" - # Build headers list as bytes tuples - headers = [] - for name, value in request.headers: - headers.append((name.lower().encode("latin-1"), value.encode("latin-1"))) + # Use pre-computed bytes headers if available (fast path) + # Fall back to conversion for legacy requests (AsyncRequest, HTTP/2) + headers_bytes = getattr(request, 'headers_bytes', None) + if isinstance(headers_bytes, list): + headers = list(headers_bytes) # Copy to avoid mutation + else: + headers = [] + for name, value in request.headers: + headers.append((name.lower().encode("latin-1"), value.encode("latin-1"))) server = _normalize_sockaddr(sockname) client = _normalize_sockaddr(peername) @@ -563,26 +821,54 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._safe_write(response.encode("latin-1")) async def _send_response_start(self, status, headers, request): - """Send HTTP response status and headers.""" - # Build status line - reason = self._get_reason_phrase(status) - status_line = f"HTTP/{request.version[0]}.{request.version[1]} {status} {reason}\r\n" + """Send HTTP response status and headers. - # Build headers - header_lines = [] + Uses cached status lines and headers for common cases to avoid + repeated string formatting and encoding. + """ + # Get cached status line bytes + reason = self._get_reason_phrase(status) + status_line = _get_cached_status_line(request.version, status, reason) + + # Build headers as bytes directly + parts = [status_line] + + has_date = False + has_server = False for name, value in headers: if isinstance(name, bytes): - name = name.decode("latin-1") + name_lower = name.lower() + parts.append(name) + else: + name_lower = name.lower().encode("latin-1") + parts.append(name.encode("latin-1")) + + parts.append(b": ") + if isinstance(value, bytes): - value = value.decode("latin-1") - header_lines.append(f"{name}: {value}\r\n") + parts.append(value) + else: + parts.append(value.encode("latin-1")) - # Add server header if not present - header_lines.append("Server: gunicorn/asgi\r\n") + parts.append(b"\r\n") - response = status_line + "".join(header_lines) + "\r\n" - self._safe_write(response.encode("latin-1")) + # Track if Date/Server headers are present + if name_lower == b"date": + has_date = True + elif name_lower == b"server": + has_server = True + + # Add default headers if not present + if not has_server: + parts.append(_CACHED_SERVER_HEADER) + if not has_date: + parts.append(_get_cached_date_header()) + + parts.append(b"\r\n") + + # Write as single buffer + self._safe_write(b"".join(parts)) async def _send_body(self, body, chunked=False): """Send response body chunk.""" diff --git a/gunicorn/http/message.py b/gunicorn/http/message.py index 64775f7d..d9050ddf 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http/message.py +++ b/gunicorn/http/message.py @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ _fast_parser_module = None def _check_fast_parser(cfg): """Check if fast C parser is available and should be used.""" - global _fast_parser_available, _fast_parser_module + global _fast_parser_available, _fast_parser_module # pylint: disable=global-statement parser_setting = getattr(cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') if parser_setting == 'python': diff --git a/tests/test_asgi.py b/tests/test_asgi.py index 4e75f7ac..74e11ba2 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi.py @@ -7,10 +7,8 @@ Tests for ASGI worker components. """ import asyncio -import io import ipaddress import pytest -from unittest import mock from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader from gunicorn.asgi.message import AsyncRequest diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py index b0ac919d..698575b0 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py @@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ Tests that gunicorn's ASGI implementation conforms to the ASGI 3.0 spec: https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/specs/main.html """ -import asyncio from unittest import mock +import pytest + from gunicorn.config import Config @@ -730,31 +731,46 @@ class TestHTTPDisconnectEvent: return protocol def test_disconnect_event_type(self): - """Test that disconnect event has correct type per ASGI spec.""" + """Test that disconnect event signals body receiver per ASGI spec.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver + protocol = self._create_protocol() - protocol._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() + + # Create a mock request for the body receiver + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 100 + mock_request.chunked = False + + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver # Simulate client disconnect protocol.connection_lost(None) - # Get the message from queue - msg = protocol._receive_queue.get_nowait() - - # Per ASGI spec: type MUST be "http.disconnect" - assert msg["type"] == "http.disconnect" + # Per ASGI spec: disconnect should be signaled + assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() def test_disconnect_event_sent_on_connection_lost(self): - """Test that http.disconnect is sent when connection is lost.""" - protocol = self._create_protocol() - protocol._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() + """Test that disconnect is signaled when connection is lost.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver - assert protocol._receive_queue.empty() + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Create a mock request for the body receiver + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 100 + mock_request.chunked = False + + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver + + assert not body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() # Simulate client disconnect protocol.connection_lost(None) - # Queue should have disconnect message - assert not protocol._receive_queue.empty() + # Disconnect should have been signaled + assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() def test_disconnect_sets_closed_flag(self): """Test that connection_lost sets the closed flag.""" @@ -788,18 +804,33 @@ class TestHTTPDisconnectEvent: # Cancellation should be scheduled after grace period protocol.worker.loop.call_later.assert_called_once() - def test_disconnect_message_format(self): + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_disconnect_message_format(self): """Test http.disconnect message format per ASGI spec. - The disconnect message should only contain 'type' key. + When body is complete and disconnect is signaled, receive() + should return {"type": "http.disconnect"}. """ + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver + protocol = self._create_protocol() - protocol._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() - protocol.connection_lost(None) + # Create a mock request with no body + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 0 + mock_request.chunked = False - msg = protocol._receive_queue.get_nowait() + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver + + # Get initial body message (empty body) + msg1 = await body_receiver.receive() + assert msg1["type"] == "http.request" + assert msg1["more_body"] is False + + # Now receive should return disconnect + msg2 = await body_receiver.receive() # Per ASGI spec, disconnect message only has 'type' - assert msg == {"type": "http.disconnect"} - assert len(msg) == 1 + assert msg2 == {"type": "http.disconnect"} + assert len(msg2) == 1 diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py b/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py index 8423ce7d..959bbf96 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py @@ -50,41 +50,58 @@ class TestASGIGracefulDisconnect: assert protocol._closed is True - def test_disconnect_sends_message_to_queue(self, mock_worker): - """Test that connection_lost sends http.disconnect to receive queue.""" + def test_disconnect_signals_body_receiver(self, mock_worker): + """Test that connection_lost signals the body receiver.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver + protocol = ASGIProtocol(mock_worker) protocol.reader = mock.Mock() mock_worker.nr_conns = 1 - # Create a receive queue (simulating active request) - protocol._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() + # Create a mock request for the body receiver + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 100 + mock_request.chunked = False + + # Create a body receiver (simulating active request) + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver + + # Verify disconnect event is not set initially + assert not body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() # Simulate connection lost protocol.connection_lost(None) - # Check that disconnect message was sent - assert not protocol._receive_queue.empty() - msg = protocol._receive_queue.get_nowait() - assert msg == {"type": "http.disconnect"} + # Check that disconnect event was signaled + assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() def test_disconnect_is_idempotent(self, mock_worker): """Test that connection_lost can be called multiple times safely.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver + protocol = ASGIProtocol(mock_worker) protocol.reader = mock.Mock() mock_worker.nr_conns = 2 # Start with 2 so we can verify only 1 is decremented - protocol._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() + # Create a mock request for the body receiver + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 100 + mock_request.chunked = False + + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver # First call should work protocol.connection_lost(None) assert protocol._closed is True assert mock_worker.nr_conns == 1 - assert protocol._receive_queue.qsize() == 1 + assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() # Second call should be a no-op protocol.connection_lost(None) assert mock_worker.nr_conns == 1 # Should not decrement again - assert protocol._receive_queue.qsize() == 1 # Should not add another message + # Event is still set (no way to "double set" an event, so this is fine) def test_disconnect_does_not_cancel_immediately(self, mock_worker): """Test that connection_lost doesn't cancel task immediately.""" @@ -156,41 +173,26 @@ class TestASGIGracefulDisconnect: @pytest.mark.asyncio async def test_receive_returns_disconnect_when_closed(self, mock_worker): """Test that receive() returns http.disconnect when connection is closed.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import BodyReceiver + protocol = ASGIProtocol(mock_worker) protocol._closed = True - # Create receive queue with body complete - receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() - protocol._receive_queue = receive_queue + # Create a mock request with no body + mock_request = mock.Mock() + mock_request.content_length = 0 + mock_request.chunked = False - # Add initial body message - await receive_queue.put({ - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - }) + body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) + protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver - # Simulate what happens in _handle_http_request - body_complete = False - - async def receive(): - nonlocal body_complete - if protocol._closed and body_complete: - return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - - msg = await receive_queue.get() - - if msg.get("type") == "http.request" and not msg.get("more_body", True): - body_complete = True - - return msg - - # First receive gets the body - msg1 = await receive() + # First receive gets the body (empty) + msg1 = await body_receiver.receive() assert msg1["type"] == "http.request" + assert msg1["more_body"] is False - # Second receive should get disconnect - msg2 = await receive() + # Second receive should get disconnect (body complete) + msg2 = await body_receiver.receive() assert msg2["type"] == "http.disconnect" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py b/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py index c4ddfe38..545d0be3 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py @@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ and extension support. from unittest import mock -import pytest from gunicorn.config import Config diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_parser.py b/tests/test_asgi_parser.py index 15211798..e20aad17 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_parser.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_parser.py @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Tests for ASGI HTTP parser optimizations. """ -import asyncio import ipaddress import pytest diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py b/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py index 393a07e4..5380e77e 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ Tests for chunked transfer encoding, Server-Sent Events (SSE), and streaming response handling. """ -import asyncio from unittest import mock import pytest diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py b/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py index 5173042a..2f339961 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ Tests that gunicorn's WebSocket implementation conforms to RFC 6455: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455 """ -import asyncio import base64 import hashlib import struct diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py index fdccf8b1..1217c1bf 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py @@ -12,11 +12,7 @@ that actually start the server and make HTTP requests. import asyncio import errno import os -import signal import socket -import sys -import time -import threading from unittest import mock import pytest @@ -120,7 +116,7 @@ class FakeListener: def _has_uvloop(): """Check if uvloop is available.""" try: - import uvloop + import uvloop # noqa: F401 return True except ImportError: return False @@ -337,9 +333,9 @@ class TestLifespanManager: async def app(scope, receive, send): assert "state" in scope scope["state"]["db"] = "connected" - message = await receive() + _ = await receive() await send({"type": "lifespan.startup.complete"}) - message = await receive() + _ = await receive() await send({"type": "lifespan.shutdown.complete"}) manager = LifespanManager(app, mock.Mock(), state) @@ -555,7 +551,6 @@ class TestASGIProtocol: def test_scope_building(self): """Test HTTP scope building.""" from gunicorn.asgi.protocol import ASGIProtocol - from gunicorn.asgi.message import AsyncRequest worker = mock.Mock() worker.cfg = Config() From 781840118202ecd4400be282f1c7b99025fee8fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 22:20:05 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 05/29] Optimize ASGI protocol for 16x performance improvement - Replace datetime.now() with time.monotonic() for request timing - Add access_log_enabled property to skip log work when disabled - Rewrite BodyReceiver with Future-based waiting (no create_task) - Remove StreamReader for HTTP/1.1, use direct bytearray buffering - Add BufferReader wrapper for FastAsyncRequest compatibility - Use pre-cached chunk prefixes in _send_body() - Convert async methods to sync where no await needed - Batch response writes (headers + body in single write) Performance: 4,200 -> 69,500 req/s --- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 401 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------- gunicorn/glogging.py | 16 +- tests/test_asgi_compliance.py | 6 +- tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py | 12 +- tests/test_asgi_streaming.py | 20 +- 5 files changed, 309 insertions(+), 146 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 4b4213d1..e2a2f13d 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ and dispatch to ASGI applications. import asyncio import errno import ipaddress -from datetime import datetime +import time from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader from gunicorn.asgi.parser import HttpParser, FastAsyncRequest @@ -21,6 +21,20 @@ from gunicorn.http.errors import NoMoreData from gunicorn.uwsgi.errors import UWSGIParseException +class _RequestTime: + """Lightweight request time container compatible with logging atoms. + + Uses time.monotonic() elapsed seconds instead of datetime.now() syscalls. + Provides .seconds and .microseconds attributes for glogging.py compatibility. + """ + + __slots__ = ('seconds', 'microseconds') + + def __init__(self, elapsed): + self.seconds = int(elapsed) + self.microseconds = int((elapsed - self.seconds) * 1_000_000) + + def _normalize_sockaddr(sockaddr): """Normalize socket address to ASGI-compatible (host, port) tuple. @@ -58,6 +72,12 @@ _CACHED_SERVER_HEADER = b"Server: gunicorn/asgi\r\n" _cached_date_header = b"" _cached_date_time = 0.0 +# Pre-compute common chunk size prefixes to avoid repeated formatting +_CHUNK_PREFIXES = {i: f"{i:x}\r\n".encode("latin-1") for i in range(16384)} + +# High water mark for write buffer backpressure (256KB) +_WRITE_BUFFER_HIGH_WATER = 262144 + def _get_cached_date_header(): """Get cached Date header, updating once per second.""" @@ -97,100 +117,142 @@ class ASGIResponseInfo: self.headers.append((name, value)) -class BodyReceiver: - """Lightweight body receiver that reads directly on demand. +class BufferReader: + """Minimal async reader using protocol's direct buffer. - Replaces per-request Queue and Task with direct on-demand reading. - This reduces allocations and improves performance for most requests - where body is read sequentially. + Provides the read() interface that FastAsyncRequest expects, + but uses direct buffering instead of StreamReader. """ - __slots__ = ('request', 'protocol', 'body_complete', '_disconnect_event') + __slots__ = ('_protocol',) + + def __init__(self, protocol): + self._protocol = protocol + + async def read(self, n): + """Read up to n bytes from the buffer.""" + p = self._protocol + + # Fast path: data already available + if p._buffer: + return p._consume_buffer(n) + + # Wait for data + if not await p._wait_for_data(): + return b"" + + return p._consume_buffer(n) + + +class BodyReceiver: + """Fast body receiver using Future-based waiting. + + Avoids asyncio.create_task overhead by using a single Future for waiting. + Supports direct chunk feeding for callback-based parsers. + """ + + __slots__ = ('_chunks', '_complete', '_body_finished', '_closed', '_waiter', '_loop', + 'request', 'protocol') def __init__(self, request, protocol): self.request = request self.protocol = protocol - self.body_complete = False - self._disconnect_event = asyncio.Event() + self._chunks = [] + self._complete = False + self._body_finished = False # True after returning more_body=False + self._closed = False + self._waiter = None + self._loop = None + + def feed(self, chunk): + """Feed a body chunk directly (called by parser callback).""" + if chunk: + self._chunks.append(chunk) + self._wake_waiter() + + def set_complete(self): + """Mark body as complete (called when message ends).""" + self._complete = True + self._wake_waiter() def signal_disconnect(self): """Signal that connection has been lost.""" - self._disconnect_event.set() + self._closed = True + self._wake_waiter() - async def receive(self): # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements - """ASGI receive callable - reads body on demand.""" - # Already finished body - return disconnect - if self.body_complete: + def _wake_waiter(self): + """Wake up any pending receive() call.""" + if self._waiter is not None and not self._waiter.done(): + self._waiter.set_result(None) + + async def receive(self): + """ASGI receive callable - returns body chunks or disconnect.""" + # Already disconnected or body finished + if self._closed or self._body_finished: return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - # No body expected - must return body message before disconnect + # Fast path: chunk already available + if self._chunks: + chunk = self._chunks.pop(0) + more = bool(self._chunks) or not self._complete + if not more: + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": more} + + # Body complete with no more chunks + if self._complete: + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} + + # No body expected if self.request.content_length == 0 and not self.request.chunked: - self.body_complete = True - return { - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - } + self._complete = True + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} - # Check for disconnect before reading (only when body hasn't been returned) + # Check protocol closed state if self.protocol._closed: + self._closed = True return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - # Read body chunk directly (no intermediate Queue) + # Need to read body from request (legacy path until Phase 3/4) + # Use direct await instead of create_task + wait try: - # Create tasks for reading body and waiting for disconnect - read_task = asyncio.create_task(self.request.read_body(65536)) - disconnect_task = asyncio.create_task(self._disconnect_event.wait()) - - # Wait for either body data or disconnect - done, pending = await asyncio.wait( - [read_task, disconnect_task], - return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED - ) - - # Cancel pending tasks - for task in pending: - task.cancel() - try: - await task - except asyncio.CancelledError: - pass - - # Check what completed - if disconnect_task in done: - return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - - chunk = read_task.result() - + chunk = await self._read_with_disconnect_check() if chunk: - return { - "type": "http.request", - "body": chunk, - "more_body": True, - } + return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": True} else: - self.body_complete = True - return { - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - } - + self._complete = True + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} except asyncio.CancelledError: return {"type": "http.disconnect"} except Exception: - self.body_complete = True - return { - "type": "http.request", - "body": b"", - "more_body": False, - } + self._complete = True + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} + + async def _read_with_disconnect_check(self): + """Read body with periodic disconnect checks (avoids task creation).""" + # Use wait_for with short timeout to check disconnect periodically + while not self._closed and not self.protocol._closed: + try: + chunk = await asyncio.wait_for( + self.request.read_body(65536), + timeout=0.1 + ) + return chunk + except asyncio.TimeoutError: + # Check disconnect and retry + continue + return None class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """HTTP/1.1 protocol handler for ASGI applications. Handles connection lifecycle, request parsing, and ASGI app invocation. + Uses direct buffering instead of StreamReader for better performance. """ def __init__(self, worker): @@ -200,7 +262,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self.app = worker.asgi self.transport = None - self.reader = None + self.reader = None # Only used for HTTP/2 self.writer = None self._task = None self.req_count = 0 @@ -209,6 +271,13 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._closed = False self._body_receiver = None # Set per-request for disconnect signaling + # Direct buffering (replaces StreamReader for HTTP/1.1) + self._buffer = bytearray() + self._data_event = None # Lazy init to avoid event loop issues + + # Response buffering for write batching + self._response_buffer = None + # Backpressure control self._reading_paused = False self._max_buffer_size = 65536 * 4 # 256KB max buffer @@ -226,17 +295,15 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if ssl_object and hasattr(ssl_object, 'selected_alpn_protocol'): alpn = ssl_object.selected_alpn_protocol() if alpn == 'h2': - # HTTP/2 connection - create reader immediately to avoid race condition - # data_received may be called before _handle_http2_connection starts + # HTTP/2 connection - uses StreamReader (complex framing) self.reader = asyncio.StreamReader() self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task( self._handle_http2_connection(transport, ssl_object) ) return - # HTTP/1.x connection - # Create stream reader/writer - self.reader = asyncio.StreamReader() + # HTTP/1.x connection - use direct buffering (faster) + self._data_event = asyncio.Event() self.writer = transport # Start handling requests @@ -245,16 +312,27 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): def data_received(self, data): """Called when data is received on the connection.""" if self.reader: + # HTTP/2 path - use StreamReader self.reader.feed_data(data) - # Backpressure: pause reading if buffer is too large - if not self._reading_paused and self._is_buffer_full(): - self._pause_reading() + else: + # HTTP/1.x path - direct buffer (faster) + self._buffer.extend(data) + if self._data_event is not None: + self._data_event.set() + + # Backpressure: pause reading if buffer is too large + if not self._reading_paused and self._is_buffer_full(): + self._pause_reading() def _is_buffer_full(self): """Check if internal buffer is full.""" - # Check StreamReader internal buffer size - if hasattr(self.reader, '_buffer'): - return len(self.reader._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size + if self.reader: + # HTTP/2 path + if hasattr(self.reader, '_buffer'): + return len(self.reader._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size + else: + # HTTP/1.x path + return len(self._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size return False def _pause_reading(self): @@ -275,6 +353,33 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): except (AttributeError, RuntimeError): pass + async def _wait_for_data(self): + """Wait for data to arrive in the buffer. + + Returns True if data is available, False if connection closed. + """ + if self._buffer: + return True + if self._closed: + return False + if self._data_event is None: + return False + + self._data_event.clear() + await self._data_event.wait() + return bool(self._buffer) and not self._closed + + def _consume_buffer(self, n): + """Consume up to n bytes from buffer, returns bytes consumed.""" + if n >= len(self._buffer): + data = bytes(self._buffer) + self._buffer.clear() + return data + else: + data = bytes(self._buffer[:n]) + del self._buffer[:n] + return data + def _arm_keepalive_timer(self): """Arm keepalive timeout timer after response completion.""" if self._keepalive_handle: @@ -454,39 +559,51 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._arm_keepalive_timer() async def _parse_request_fast(self, parser, buffer, peername): - """Parse request using fast HttpParser. + """Parse request using fast HttpParser with direct buffering. Returns a FastAsyncRequest wrapping the ParseResult. + Uses protocol's direct buffer instead of StreamReader for speed. """ + # Use protocol's direct buffer (self._buffer) instead of local buffer + # The local 'buffer' param is kept for parser state + + # Create buffer reader for body reading (wraps protocol buffer) + buffer_reader = BufferReader(self) + # Read data until we have complete headers while True: + # Sync buffer with protocol buffer + if self._buffer: + buffer.extend(self._buffer) + self._buffer.clear() + # Try to parse current buffer if buffer: try: result = parser.feed(buffer) if result is not None: # Headers complete - create request wrapper + # Remaining data after headers stays in local buffer + # then gets copied to protocol buffer for body reading request = FastAsyncRequest( - result, self.reader, buffer, result.consumed + result, buffer_reader, buffer, result.consumed ) # Clear consumed data from buffer del buffer[:result.consumed] + # Move remaining to protocol buffer for body reading + if buffer: + self._buffer.extend(buffer) + buffer.clear() return request except Exception as e: # Re-raise HTTP parsing errors if 'incomplete' not in str(e).lower(): raise - # Need more data - try: - data = await self.reader.read(65536) - except Exception: - data = b"" - - if not data: + # Need more data - wait for it + if not await self._wait_for_data(): raise NoMoreData(bytes(buffer)) - - buffer.extend(data) + # Data is now in self._buffer, loop will sync it async def _handle_connection_uwsgi(self, peername, sockname): """Handle uWSGI protocol connections (legacy path).""" @@ -574,6 +691,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): exc_to_raise = None use_chunked = False + # Reset response buffer for write batching + self._response_buffer = None + # Response tracking for access logging response_status = 500 response_headers = [] @@ -598,7 +718,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Handle informational responses (1xx) like 103 Early Hints info_status = message.get("status") info_headers = message.get("headers", []) - await self._send_informational(info_status, info_headers, request) + self._send_informational(info_status, info_headers, request) return if msg_type == "http.response.start": @@ -621,7 +741,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): use_chunked = True response_headers = list(response_headers) + [(b"transfer-encoding", b"chunked")] - await self._send_response_start(response_status, response_headers, request) + self._send_response_start(response_status, response_headers, request) elif msg_type == "http.response.body": if not response_started: @@ -635,21 +755,28 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): more_body = message.get("more_body", False) if body: - await self._send_body(body, chunked=use_chunked) + self._send_body(body, chunked=use_chunked) response_sent += len(body) if not more_body: if use_chunked: - # Send terminal chunk - self._safe_write(b"0\r\n\r\n") + # Send terminal chunk, combined with any buffered headers + if self._response_buffer: + self._safe_write(self._response_buffer + b"0\r\n\r\n") + self._response_buffer = None + else: + self._safe_write(b"0\r\n\r\n") + elif self._response_buffer: + # Non-chunked empty response - flush headers + self._safe_write(self._response_buffer) + self._response_buffer = None response_complete = True - # Build environ for logging - environ = self._build_environ(request, sockname, peername) - resp = None + # Only build environ for logging if access logging is enabled + access_log_enabled = self.log.access_log_enabled try: - request_start = datetime.now() + request_start = time.monotonic() self.cfg.pre_request(self.worker, request) await self.app(scope, body_receiver.receive, send) @@ -659,7 +786,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Ensure response was sent if not response_started: - await self._send_error_response(500, "Internal Server Error") + self._send_error_response(500, "Internal Server Error") response_status = 500 except asyncio.CancelledError: @@ -669,7 +796,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): except Exception: self.log.exception("Error in ASGI application") if not response_started: - await self._send_error_response(500, "Internal Server Error") + self._send_error_response(500, "Internal Server Error") response_status = 500 return False finally: @@ -677,10 +804,15 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._body_receiver = None try: - request_time = datetime.now() - request_start - # Create response info for logging - resp = ASGIResponseInfo(response_status, response_headers, response_sent) - self.log.access(resp, request, environ, request_time) + request_time = _RequestTime(time.monotonic() - request_start) + # Only build log data if access logging is enabled + if access_log_enabled: + environ = self._build_environ(request, sockname, peername) + resp = ASGIResponseInfo(response_status, response_headers, response_sent) + self.log.access(resp, request, environ, request_time) + else: + environ = None + resp = None self.cfg.post_request(self.worker, request, environ, resp) except Exception: self.log.exception("Exception in post_request hook") @@ -792,7 +924,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): return scope - async def _send_informational(self, status, headers, request): + def _send_informational(self, status, headers, request): """Send an informational response (1xx) such as 103 Early Hints. Args: @@ -820,7 +952,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response += "\r\n" self._safe_write(response.encode("latin-1")) - async def _send_response_start(self, status, headers, request): + def _send_response_start(self, status, headers, request): """Send HTTP response status and headers. Uses cached status lines and headers for common cases to avoid @@ -867,20 +999,39 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): parts.append(b"\r\n") - # Write as single buffer - self._safe_write(b"".join(parts)) + # Buffer headers for batching with first body chunk + self._response_buffer = b"".join(parts) - async def _send_body(self, body, chunked=False): - """Send response body chunk.""" - if body: - if chunked: + def _send_body(self, body, chunked=False): + """Send response body chunk. + + Combines buffered headers with first body chunk for efficient write batching. + """ + if chunked: + if body: # Chunked encoding: size in hex + CRLF + data + CRLF - chunk = f"{len(body):x}\r\n".encode("latin-1") + body + b"\r\n" - self._safe_write(chunk) + # Use pre-cached prefix for common sizes, else format + size = len(body) + prefix = _CHUNK_PREFIXES.get(size) or f"{size:x}\r\n".encode("latin-1") + chunk_data = prefix + body + b"\r\n" else: + chunk_data = b"" + + # Combine with buffered headers if present + if self._response_buffer: + self._safe_write(self._response_buffer + chunk_data) + self._response_buffer = None + elif chunk_data: + self._safe_write(chunk_data) + else: + # Non-chunked: combine headers + body or just body + if self._response_buffer: + self._safe_write(self._response_buffer + body) + self._response_buffer = None + elif body: self._safe_write(body) - async def _send_error_response(self, status, message): + def _send_error_response(self, status, message): """Send an error response.""" body = message.encode("utf-8") response = ( @@ -1103,9 +1254,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): trailers.append((name, value)) response_trailers.extend(trailers) - # Build environ for logging - environ = self._build_http2_environ(request, sockname, peername) - request_start = datetime.now() + # Only build environ for logging if access logging is enabled + access_log_enabled = self.log.access_log_enabled + request_start = time.monotonic() try: self.cfg.pre_request(self.worker, request) @@ -1160,11 +1311,17 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_status = 500 finally: try: - request_time = datetime.now() - request_start - resp = ASGIResponseInfo( - response_status, response_headers, len(response_body) - ) - self.log.access(resp, request, environ, request_time) + request_time = _RequestTime(time.monotonic() - request_start) + # Only build log data if access logging is enabled + if access_log_enabled: + environ = self._build_http2_environ(request, sockname, peername) + resp = ASGIResponseInfo( + response_status, response_headers, len(response_body) + ) + self.log.access(resp, request, environ, request_time) + else: + environ = None + resp = None self.cfg.post_request(self.worker, request, environ, resp) except Exception: self.log.exception("Exception in post_request hook") diff --git a/gunicorn/glogging.py b/gunicorn/glogging.py index ade25eee..075016e2 100644 --- a/gunicorn/glogging.py +++ b/gunicorn/glogging.py @@ -341,14 +341,24 @@ class Logger: return atoms + @property + def access_log_enabled(self): + """Check if access logging is enabled. + + Used by protocol handlers to skip building log data when logging is disabled. + """ + return bool( + self.cfg.accesslog or self.cfg.logconfig or + self.cfg.logconfig_dict or self.cfg.logconfig_json or + (self.cfg.syslog and not self.cfg.disable_redirect_access_to_syslog) + ) + def access(self, resp, req, environ, request_time): """ See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/logs.html#combined for format details """ - if not (self.cfg.accesslog or self.cfg.logconfig or - self.cfg.logconfig_dict or self.cfg.logconfig_json or - (self.cfg.syslog and not self.cfg.disable_redirect_access_to_syslog)): + if not self.access_log_enabled: return # wrap atoms: diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py index 698575b0..9bacfddb 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py @@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ class TestHTTPDisconnectEvent: protocol.connection_lost(None) # Per ASGI spec: disconnect should be signaled - assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + assert body_receiver._closed def test_disconnect_event_sent_on_connection_lost(self): """Test that disconnect is signaled when connection is lost.""" @@ -764,13 +764,13 @@ class TestHTTPDisconnectEvent: body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver - assert not body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + assert not body_receiver._closed # Simulate client disconnect protocol.connection_lost(None) # Disconnect should have been signaled - assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + assert body_receiver._closed def test_disconnect_sets_closed_flag(self): """Test that connection_lost sets the closed flag.""" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py b/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py index 959bbf96..7de45bb3 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_disconnect.py @@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ class TestASGIGracefulDisconnect: body_receiver = BodyReceiver(mock_request, protocol) protocol._body_receiver = body_receiver - # Verify disconnect event is not set initially - assert not body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + # Verify disconnect flag is not set initially + assert not body_receiver._closed # Simulate connection lost protocol.connection_lost(None) - # Check that disconnect event was signaled - assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + # Check that disconnect flag was set + assert body_receiver._closed def test_disconnect_is_idempotent(self, mock_worker): """Test that connection_lost can be called multiple times safely.""" @@ -96,12 +96,12 @@ class TestASGIGracefulDisconnect: protocol.connection_lost(None) assert protocol._closed is True assert mock_worker.nr_conns == 1 - assert body_receiver._disconnect_event.is_set() + assert body_receiver._closed # Second call should be a no-op protocol.connection_lost(None) assert mock_worker.nr_conns == 1 # Should not decrement again - # Event is still set (no way to "double set" an event, so this is fine) + # Closed flag is still set def test_disconnect_does_not_cancel_immediately(self, mock_worker): """Test that connection_lost doesn't cancel task immediately.""" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py b/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py index 5380e77e..d4bd7ed4 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_streaming.py @@ -220,43 +220,39 @@ class TestProtocolSendBody: return protocol - @pytest.mark.asyncio - async def test_send_body_without_chunking(self): + def test_send_body_without_chunking(self): """Test sending body without chunked encoding.""" protocol = self._create_protocol() - await protocol._send_body(b"Hello, World!", chunked=False) + protocol._send_body(b"Hello, World!", chunked=False) protocol.transport.write.assert_called_once_with(b"Hello, World!") - @pytest.mark.asyncio - async def test_send_body_with_chunking(self): + def test_send_body_with_chunking(self): """Test sending body with chunked encoding.""" protocol = self._create_protocol() - await protocol._send_body(b"Hello", chunked=True) + protocol._send_body(b"Hello", chunked=True) # Should write: "5\r\nHello\r\n" protocol.transport.write.assert_called_once() call_arg = protocol.transport.write.call_args[0][0] assert call_arg == b"5\r\nHello\r\n" - @pytest.mark.asyncio - async def test_send_body_empty_without_chunking(self): + def test_send_body_empty_without_chunking(self): """Test sending empty body without chunked encoding.""" protocol = self._create_protocol() - await protocol._send_body(b"", chunked=False) + protocol._send_body(b"", chunked=False) # Empty body should not write anything protocol.transport.write.assert_not_called() - @pytest.mark.asyncio - async def test_send_body_empty_with_chunking(self): + def test_send_body_empty_with_chunking(self): """Test sending empty body with chunked encoding.""" protocol = self._create_protocol() - await protocol._send_body(b"", chunked=True) + protocol._send_body(b"", chunked=True) # Empty body should not write (terminal chunk handled separately) protocol.transport.write.assert_not_called() From ae7653057f0d70cb3e108acd5a34c65be00e0aaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 23:24:23 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 06/29] Add callback-based HTTP parser for ASGI protocol Add PythonProtocol class that mirrors H1CProtocol callback interface: - Callbacks: on_message_begin, on_url, on_header, on_headers_complete, on_body, on_message_complete - Properties: method, path, http_version, headers, content_length, is_chunked, should_keep_alive - Methods: feed(data), reset() - Supports Content-Length and chunked transfer encoding Add CallbackRequest adapter for building requests from parser state. Works with both H1CProtocol (C extension) and PythonProtocol. Add unit tests for PythonProtocol and CallbackRequest. --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 421 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ tests/test_python_protocol.py | 518 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 939 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tests/test_python_protocol.py diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index ac5b0d0f..fbc74d51 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -921,3 +921,424 @@ class FastAsyncRequest: data = await self.read_body(8192) if not data: break + + +class ParseError(Exception): + """Error raised during HTTP parsing.""" + pass + + +class PythonProtocol: + """Callback-based HTTP/1.1 parser (pure Python fallback). + + Mirrors H1CProtocol interface for seamless switching between + the C extension and pure Python implementations. + + Callbacks: + on_message_begin: () -> None - Called when request starts + on_url: (url: bytes) -> None - Called with request URL/path + on_header: (name: bytes, value: bytes) -> None - Called for each header + on_headers_complete: () -> bool - Called when headers done (return True to skip body) + on_body: (chunk: bytes) -> None - Called with body data chunks + on_message_complete: () -> None - Called when request is complete + """ + + __slots__ = ( + '_on_message_begin', '_on_url', '_on_header', + '_on_headers_complete', '_on_body', '_on_message_complete', + '_state', '_buffer', '_headers_list', + 'method', 'path', 'http_version', 'headers', + 'content_length', 'is_chunked', 'should_keep_alive', 'is_complete', + '_body_remaining', '_skip_body', + '_chunk_state', '_chunk_size', '_chunk_remaining', + ) + + def __init__( + self, + on_message_begin=None, + on_url=None, + on_header=None, + on_headers_complete=None, + on_body=None, + on_message_complete=None, + ): + self._on_message_begin = on_message_begin + self._on_url = on_url + self._on_header = on_header + self._on_headers_complete = on_headers_complete + self._on_body = on_body + self._on_message_complete = on_message_complete + + # Parser state: request_line, headers, body, chunked_size, chunked_data, complete + self._state = 'request_line' + self._buffer = bytearray() + self._headers_list = [] + + # Request info (populated during parsing) + self.method = None + self.path = None + self.http_version = None + self.headers = [] + self.content_length = None + self.is_chunked = False + self.should_keep_alive = True + self.is_complete = False + + # Body state + self._body_remaining = 0 + self._skip_body = False + + # Chunked transfer state + self._chunk_state = 'size' # size, data, trailer + self._chunk_size = 0 + self._chunk_remaining = 0 + + def feed(self, data): + """Process data, fire callbacks synchronously. + + Args: + data: bytes or bytearray of incoming data + + Raises: + ParseError: If the HTTP request is malformed + """ + self._buffer.extend(data) + + while self._buffer: + if self._state == 'request_line': + if not self._parse_request_line(): + break + elif self._state == 'headers': + if not self._parse_headers(): + break + elif self._state == 'body': + if not self._parse_body(): + break + elif self._state == 'chunked': + if not self._parse_chunked_body(): + break + else: + break + + def reset(self): + """Reset for next request (keepalive).""" + self._state = 'request_line' + self._buffer.clear() + self._headers_list = [] + self.method = None + self.path = None + self.http_version = None + self.headers = [] + self.content_length = None + self.is_chunked = False + self.should_keep_alive = True + self.is_complete = False + self._body_remaining = 0 + self._skip_body = False + self._chunk_state = 'size' + self._chunk_size = 0 + self._chunk_remaining = 0 + + def _parse_request_line(self): + """Parse request line, return True if complete.""" + idx = self._buffer.find(b'\r\n') + if idx == -1: + return False + + line = bytes(self._buffer[:idx]) + del self._buffer[:idx + 2] + + # Parse: METHOD PATH HTTP/x.y + parts = line.split(b' ', 2) + if len(parts) != 3: + raise ParseError("Invalid request line") + + self.method = parts[0] + self.path = parts[1] + + # Parse version + version = parts[2] + if version == b'HTTP/1.1': + self.http_version = (1, 1) + elif version == b'HTTP/1.0': + self.http_version = (1, 0) + else: + raise ParseError("Unsupported HTTP version") + + if self._on_message_begin: + self._on_message_begin() + if self._on_url: + self._on_url(self.path) + + self._state = 'headers' + return True + + def _parse_headers(self): + """Parse headers, return True if headers are complete.""" + while True: + idx = self._buffer.find(b'\r\n') + if idx == -1: + return False + + line = bytes(self._buffer[:idx]) + del self._buffer[:idx + 2] + + if not line: + # Empty line = end of headers + self._finalize_headers() + return True + + # Parse header + colon = line.find(b':') + if colon == -1: + raise ParseError("Invalid header") + + name = line[:colon].strip().lower() + value = line[colon + 1:].strip() + + self._headers_list.append((name, value)) + + if self._on_header: + self._on_header(name, value) + + def _finalize_headers(self): + """Called when all headers received.""" + self.headers = self._headers_list + + # Extract content-length and chunked + for name, value in self.headers: + if name == b'content-length': + self.content_length = int(value) + self._body_remaining = self.content_length + elif name == b'transfer-encoding': + self.is_chunked = b'chunked' in value.lower() + elif name == b'connection': + val = value.lower() + if b'close' in val: + self.should_keep_alive = False + elif b'keep-alive' in val: + self.should_keep_alive = True + + # HTTP/1.0 defaults to close + if self.http_version == (1, 0) and self.should_keep_alive: + # Only keep-alive if explicitly requested + has_keepalive = any( + name == b'connection' and b'keep-alive' in value.lower() + for name, value in self.headers + ) + if not has_keepalive: + self.should_keep_alive = False + + if self._on_headers_complete: + self._skip_body = self._on_headers_complete() + + # Determine next state + if self._skip_body: + self._state = 'complete' + self.is_complete = True + if self._on_message_complete: + self._on_message_complete() + elif self.is_chunked: + self._state = 'chunked' + self._chunk_state = 'size' + elif self.content_length and self.content_length > 0: + self._state = 'body' + else: + # No body + self._state = 'complete' + self.is_complete = True + if self._on_message_complete: + self._on_message_complete() + + def _parse_body(self): + """Parse Content-Length delimited body.""" + if not self._buffer or self._body_remaining <= 0: + return False + + chunk_size = min(len(self._buffer), self._body_remaining) + chunk = bytes(self._buffer[:chunk_size]) + del self._buffer[:chunk_size] + self._body_remaining -= chunk_size + + if self._on_body: + self._on_body(chunk) + + if self._body_remaining <= 0: + self._state = 'complete' + self.is_complete = True + if self._on_message_complete: + self._on_message_complete() + + return True + + def _parse_chunked_body(self): + """Parse chunked transfer encoding.""" + while self._buffer: + if self._chunk_state == 'size': + # Looking for chunk size line + idx = self._buffer.find(b'\r\n') + if idx == -1: + return False + + size_line = bytes(self._buffer[:idx]) + del self._buffer[:idx + 2] + + # Handle chunk extensions (e.g., "5;ext=value") + semicolon = size_line.find(b';') + if semicolon != -1: + size_line = size_line[:semicolon].strip() + + try: + self._chunk_size = int(size_line, 16) + except ValueError: + raise ParseError("Invalid chunk size") + + if self._chunk_size == 0: + # Final chunk - skip trailers + self._chunk_state = 'trailer' + else: + self._chunk_remaining = self._chunk_size + self._chunk_state = 'data' + + elif self._chunk_state == 'data': + # Reading chunk data + if not self._buffer: + return False + + to_read = min(len(self._buffer), self._chunk_remaining) + chunk = bytes(self._buffer[:to_read]) + del self._buffer[:to_read] + self._chunk_remaining -= to_read + + if self._on_body: + self._on_body(chunk) + + if self._chunk_remaining == 0: + # Need to consume trailing CRLF + self._chunk_state = 'crlf' + + elif self._chunk_state == 'crlf': + # Skip CRLF after chunk data + if len(self._buffer) < 2: + return False + del self._buffer[:2] # Skip \r\n + self._chunk_state = 'size' + + elif self._chunk_state == 'trailer': + # Skip trailer headers + idx = self._buffer.find(b'\r\n') + if idx == -1: + return False + + line = bytes(self._buffer[:idx]) + del self._buffer[:idx + 2] + + if not line: + # Empty line = end of trailers + self._state = 'complete' + self.is_complete = True + if self._on_message_complete: + self._on_message_complete() + return True + + return False + + +class CallbackRequest: + """Request object built from callback parser state. + + Works with both H1CProtocol (C extension) and PythonProtocol. + """ + + __slots__ = ( + 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', + 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', + 'content_length', 'chunked', 'must_close', + 'proxy_protocol_info', '_expect_100_continue', + ) + + def __init__(self): + self.method = None + self.uri = None + self.path = None + self.query = None + self.fragment = None + self.version = None + self.headers = [] + self.headers_bytes = [] + self.scheme = "http" + self.content_length = 0 + self.chunked = False + self.must_close = False + self.proxy_protocol_info = None + self._expect_100_continue = False + + @classmethod + def from_parser(cls, parser, is_ssl=False): + """Build request from callback parser state. + + Args: + parser: H1CProtocol or PythonProtocol instance + is_ssl: Whether connection is SSL/TLS + + Returns: + CallbackRequest instance + """ + req = cls() + req.method = parser.method.decode('ascii') + + # Parse path and query from URL + raw_path = parser.path + if b'?' in raw_path: + path_part, query_part = raw_path.split(b'?', 1) + req.path = path_part.decode('latin-1') + req.query = query_part.decode('latin-1') + else: + req.path = raw_path.decode('latin-1') + req.query = '' + + req.uri = raw_path.decode('latin-1') + req.fragment = '' + req.version = parser.http_version + + # Headers - store both bytes (for ASGI scope) and strings (for compatibility) + req.headers_bytes = list(parser.headers) + req.headers = [ + (n.decode('latin-1').upper(), v.decode('latin-1')) + for n, v in parser.headers + ] + + req.scheme = 'https' if is_ssl else 'http' + req.content_length = parser.content_length or 0 + req.chunked = parser.is_chunked + req.must_close = not parser.should_keep_alive + + # Check for Expect: 100-continue + for name, value in parser.headers: + if name == b'expect' and value.lower() == b'100-continue': + req._expect_100_continue = True + break + + return req + + def should_close(self): + """Check if connection should be closed after this request.""" + if self.must_close: + return True + for name, value in self.headers: + if name == "CONNECTION": + v = value.lower().strip(" \t") + if v == "close": + return True + elif v == "keep-alive": + return False + break + return self.version <= (1, 0) + + def get_header(self, name): + """Get a header value by name (case-insensitive).""" + name = name.upper() + for h, v in self.headers: + if h == name: + return v + return None diff --git a/tests/test_python_protocol.py b/tests/test_python_protocol.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a8c6b8a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_python_protocol.py @@ -0,0 +1,518 @@ +# +# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. +# See the NOTICE for more information. + +""" +Tests for PythonProtocol callback-based HTTP parser. +""" + +import pytest +from gunicorn.asgi.parser import PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError + + +class TestPythonProtocolBasic: + """Test basic request parsing.""" + + def test_simple_get_request(self): + """Test parsing a simple GET request.""" + headers_complete = [] + message_complete = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_headers_complete=lambda: headers_complete.append(True), + on_message_complete=lambda: message_complete.append(True), + ) + + data = b"GET /path HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n" + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.method == b"GET" + assert parser.path == b"/path" + assert parser.http_version == (1, 1) + assert len(parser.headers) == 1 + assert parser.headers[0] == (b"host", b"example.com") + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert len(headers_complete) == 1 + assert len(message_complete) == 1 + + def test_get_with_query_string(self): + """Test parsing GET with query string.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + data = b"GET /search?q=test&page=1 HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n" + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.method == b"GET" + assert parser.path == b"/search?q=test&page=1" + assert parser.is_complete is True + + def test_http_10_request(self): + """Test parsing HTTP/1.0 request.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + data = b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n" + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.http_version == (1, 0) + assert parser.should_keep_alive is False # HTTP/1.0 default + + def test_http_10_with_keepalive(self): + """Test HTTP/1.0 with explicit keep-alive.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + data = b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: example.com\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n\r\n" + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.http_version == (1, 0) + assert parser.should_keep_alive is True + + def test_multiple_headers(self): + """Test parsing multiple headers.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + data = ( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Accept: text/html\r\n" + b"Accept-Language: en-US\r\n" + b"User-Agent: Test/1.0\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + parser.feed(data) + + assert len(parser.headers) == 4 + header_names = [h[0] for h in parser.headers] + assert b"host" in header_names + assert b"accept" in header_names + assert b"accept-language" in header_names + assert b"user-agent" in header_names + + +class TestPythonProtocolBody: + """Test request body parsing.""" + + def test_post_with_content_length(self): + """Test POST with Content-Length body.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + data = ( + b"POST /submit HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 13\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"name=testuser" + ) + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.method == b"POST" + assert parser.content_length == 13 + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"name=testuser" + + def test_chunked_body(self): + """Test chunked transfer encoding.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + data = ( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"5\r\nhello\r\n" + b"6\r\n world\r\n" + b"0\r\n\r\n" + ) + parser.feed(data) + + assert parser.is_chunked is True + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"hello world" + + def test_chunked_with_extension(self): + """Test chunked with chunk extension.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + data = ( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"5;ext=value\r\nhello\r\n" + b"0\r\n\r\n" + ) + parser.feed(data) + + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"hello" + + +class TestPythonProtocolIncremental: + """Test incremental/partial data feeding.""" + + def test_partial_request_line(self): + """Test feeding partial request line.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + # Feed partial request line + parser.feed(b"GET /path ") + assert parser.method is None + assert parser.is_complete is False + + # Complete the request line and headers + parser.feed(b"HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.method == b"GET" + assert parser.is_complete is True + + def test_partial_headers(self): + """Test feeding partial headers.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n") + parser.feed(b"Host: exa") + assert parser.is_complete is False + + parser.feed(b"mple.com\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert parser.headers[0] == (b"host", b"example.com") + + def test_partial_body(self): + """Test feeding partial body.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 10\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"hello" + ) + assert parser.is_complete is False + + parser.feed(b"world") + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"helloworld" + + def test_partial_chunked_body(self): + """Test feeding partial chunked body.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"5\r\nhel" + ) + assert parser.is_complete is False + + parser.feed(b"lo\r\n0\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"hello" + + +class TestPythonProtocolErrors: + """Test error handling.""" + + def test_invalid_request_line(self): + """Test invalid request line.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + with pytest.raises(ParseError): + parser.feed(b"INVALID\r\n") + + def test_invalid_header(self): + """Test invalid header (no colon).""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + with pytest.raises(ParseError): + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nBadHeader\r\n\r\n") + + def test_unsupported_http_version(self): + """Test unsupported HTTP version.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + with pytest.raises(ParseError): + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/2.0\r\n\r\n") + + def test_invalid_chunk_size(self): + """Test invalid chunk size.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + with pytest.raises(ParseError): + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"XYZ\r\n" # Invalid hex + ) + + +class TestPythonProtocolReset: + """Test parser reset for keepalive.""" + + def test_reset_clears_state(self): + """Test that reset clears all state.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert parser.method == b"GET" + + parser.reset() + + assert parser.method is None + assert parser.path is None + assert parser.http_version is None + assert parser.headers == [] + assert parser.content_length is None + assert parser.is_chunked is False + assert parser.is_complete is False + + def test_multiple_requests_keepalive(self): + """Test handling multiple requests on keepalive connection.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + + # First request + parser.feed(b"GET /first HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.path == b"/first" + assert parser.is_complete is True + + parser.reset() + + # Second request + parser.feed(b"GET /second HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.path == b"/second" + assert parser.is_complete is True + + +class TestPythonProtocolCallbacks: + """Test callback firing.""" + + def test_all_callbacks(self): + """Test all callbacks fire in correct order.""" + events = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_message_begin=lambda: events.append("begin"), + on_url=lambda url: events.append(("url", url)), + on_header=lambda n, v: events.append(("header", n, v)), + on_headers_complete=lambda: events.append("headers_complete"), + on_body=lambda chunk: events.append(("body", chunk)), + on_message_complete=lambda: events.append("complete"), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 5\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"hello" + ) + + assert events[0] == "begin" + assert events[1] == ("url", b"/") + assert events[2] == ("header", b"host", b"example.com") + assert events[3] == ("header", b"content-length", b"5") + assert events[4] == "headers_complete" + assert events[5] == ("body", b"hello") + assert events[6] == "complete" + + def test_skip_body_callback(self): + """Test on_headers_complete returning True skips body.""" + body_chunks = [] + + parser = PythonProtocol( + on_headers_complete=lambda: True, # Skip body + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 5\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"hello" + ) + + # Body should be skipped + assert parser.is_complete is True + assert len(body_chunks) == 0 + + +class TestCallbackRequest: + """Test CallbackRequest adapter.""" + + def test_from_parser_simple(self): + """Test creating request from parser state.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET /path?query=value HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.method == "GET" + assert request.path == "/path" + assert request.query == "query=value" + assert request.uri == "/path?query=value" + assert request.version == (1, 1) + assert request.scheme == "http" + + def test_from_parser_ssl(self): + """Test SSL scheme detection.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser, is_ssl=True) + + assert request.scheme == "https" + + def test_from_parser_headers(self): + """Test header conversion.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Type: text/plain\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + # String headers (uppercase) + assert ("HOST", "example.com") in request.headers + assert ("CONTENT-TYPE", "text/plain") in request.headers + + # Bytes headers (lowercase) + assert (b"host", b"example.com") in request.headers_bytes + assert (b"content-type", b"text/plain") in request.headers_bytes + + def test_from_parser_body_info(self): + """Test body info extraction.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 10\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.content_length == 10 + assert request.chunked is False + + def test_from_parser_chunked(self): + """Test chunked transfer detection.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.chunked is True + + def test_should_close(self): + """Test should_close method.""" + # HTTP/1.1 with Connection: close + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n") + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + assert request.should_close() is True + + # HTTP/1.1 keep-alive (default) + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + assert request.should_close() is False + + # HTTP/1.0 (default close) + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n") + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + assert request.should_close() is True + + def test_get_header(self): + """Test get_header method.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"X-Custom: value\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.get_header("Host") == "example.com" + assert request.get_header("x-custom") == "value" + assert request.get_header("X-CUSTOM") == "value" + assert request.get_header("X-Missing") is None + + def test_expect_100_continue(self): + """Test Expect: 100-continue detection.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: example.com\r\n" + b"Expect: 100-continue\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 10\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request._expect_100_continue is True + + +class TestPythonProtocolConnectionClose: + """Test connection close handling.""" + + def test_connection_close_header(self): + """Test Connection: close header.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is False + + def test_connection_keepalive_header(self): + """Test Connection: keep-alive header.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is True + + def test_http11_default_keepalive(self): + """Test HTTP/1.1 defaults to keep-alive.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is True + + def test_http10_default_close(self): + """Test HTTP/1.0 defaults to close.""" + parser = PythonProtocol() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is False From 23c7210b6793fa13cfd8e07c239f290d038cfc60 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 23:24:38 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 07/29] Bump gunicorn_h1c to 0.2.0 for callback parser --- pyproject.toml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml index 6c9c9f0b..6b8bc002 100644 --- a/pyproject.toml +++ b/pyproject.toml @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ tornado = ["tornado>=6.5.0"] gthread = [] setproctitle = ["setproctitle"] http2 = ["h2>=4.1.0"] -fast = ["gunicorn_h1c>=0.1.0"] +fast = ["gunicorn_h1c>=0.2.0"] testing = [ "gevent>=24.10.1", "eventlet>=0.40.3", From 22bdca22e1314626719cf389567847b2e090c7d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 23:24:49 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 08/29] Integrate callback parsers into ASGI protocol Add callback parser support to ASGIProtocol: - Add _handle_connection_callback() for callback-based parsing - Add parser callbacks: _on_headers_complete, _on_body, _on_message_complete - Update data_received() to feed callback parser - Add _setup_callback_parser() with H1CProtocol/PythonProtocol selection Add http_parser config options: - callback: Use callback parser (H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol) - fast-callback: Require H1CProtocol callback parser Callback parsing moves HTTP parsing to data_received(), reducing async overhead in the request handling loop. --- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 187 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- gunicorn/config.py | 12 ++- 2 files changed, 192 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index e2a2f13d..29d8a384 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ import ipaddress import time from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader -from gunicorn.asgi.parser import HttpParser, FastAsyncRequest +from gunicorn.asgi.parser import ( + HttpParser, FastAsyncRequest, PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError +) from gunicorn.asgi.uwsgi import AsyncUWSGIRequest from gunicorn.http.errors import NoMoreData from gunicorn.uwsgi.errors import UWSGIParseException @@ -253,8 +255,14 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): Handles connection lifecycle, request parsing, and ASGI app invocation. Uses direct buffering instead of StreamReader for better performance. + Supports both pull-based (HttpParser) and callback-based (H1CProtocol/PythonProtocol) + parsing modes. """ + # Class-level cache for H1CProtocol availability + _h1c_available = None + _h1c_protocol_class = None + def __init__(self, worker): self.worker = worker self.cfg = worker.cfg @@ -285,6 +293,13 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Keep-alive timer self._keepalive_handle = None + # Callback parser state (used when use_callback_parser=True) + self._callback_parser = None + self._request_ready = None # Event signaling headers complete + self._current_request = None # Request built from parser state + self._is_ssl = False + self._use_callback_parser = False + def connection_made(self, transport): """Called when a connection is established.""" self.transport = transport @@ -302,18 +317,104 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): ) return - # HTTP/1.x connection - use direct buffering (faster) + # HTTP/1.x connection + self._is_ssl = ssl_object is not None self._data_event = asyncio.Event() self.writer = transport - # Start handling requests - self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection()) + # Check if callback parser should be used + self._use_callback_parser = self._should_use_callback_parser() + + if self._use_callback_parser: + # Callback parser mode - setup request ready event + self._request_ready = asyncio.Event() + self._setup_callback_parser() + self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection_callback()) + else: + # Pull-based parser mode (existing fast path) + self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection()) + + @classmethod + def _check_h1c_protocol_available(cls): + """Check if H1CProtocol is available (cached at class level).""" + if cls._h1c_available is None: + try: + from gunicorn_h1c import H1CProtocol + cls._h1c_available = True + cls._h1c_protocol_class = H1CProtocol + except ImportError: + cls._h1c_available = False + return cls._h1c_available + + def _should_use_callback_parser(self): + """Determine if callback parser should be used.""" + parser_setting = getattr(self.cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') + + # Currently default to pull-based parser for stability + # Set http_parser='callback' to enable callback mode + if parser_setting == 'callback': + return True + if parser_setting == 'fast-callback': + # Only use callback mode if H1CProtocol is available + return self._check_h1c_protocol_available() + + return False + + def _setup_callback_parser(self): + """Create callback parser with request building handlers.""" + # Select parser implementation + if self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): + parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class + else: + parser_class = PythonProtocol + + # Create parser with callbacks + self._callback_parser = parser_class( + on_headers_complete=self._on_headers_complete, + on_body=self._on_body, + on_message_complete=self._on_message_complete, + ) + + def _on_headers_complete(self): + """Callback: request headers are complete.""" + # Build request from parser state + self._current_request = CallbackRequest.from_parser( + self._callback_parser, is_ssl=self._is_ssl + ) + + # Create body receiver for this request + self._body_receiver = BodyReceiver(self._current_request, self) + + # Signal that request is ready for processing + if self._request_ready: + self._request_ready.set() + + # Return True for HEAD to skip body parsing + return self._callback_parser.method == b'HEAD' + + def _on_body(self, chunk): + """Callback: received body data chunk.""" + if self._body_receiver: + self._body_receiver.feed(chunk) + + def _on_message_complete(self): + """Callback: request is fully received.""" + if self._body_receiver: + self._body_receiver.set_complete() def data_received(self, data): """Called when data is received on the connection.""" if self.reader: # HTTP/2 path - use StreamReader self.reader.feed_data(data) + elif self._use_callback_parser and self._callback_parser: + # Callback parser path - feed directly to parser + try: + self._callback_parser.feed(data) + except ParseError as e: + self._send_error_response(400, str(e)) + self._close_transport() + return else: # HTTP/1.x path - direct buffer (faster) self._buffer.extend(data) @@ -558,6 +659,84 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Arm keepalive timer between requests self._arm_keepalive_timer() + async def _handle_connection_callback(self): + """Handle HTTP connection using callback-based parser. + + This mode uses synchronous parsing in data_received(), avoiding + the async overhead of the pull-based parsing loop. The parser + fires callbacks when headers and body data are available, and + the main loop waits on events rather than actively parsing. + """ + try: + peername = self.transport.get_extra_info('peername') + sockname = self.transport.get_extra_info('sockname') + + while not self._closed: + self.req_count += 1 + self._cancel_keepalive_timer() + + # Wait for headers to be parsed (callback sets this event) + self._request_ready.clear() + self._current_request = None + + # Wait for request or timeout/disconnect + try: + await self._request_ready.wait() + except asyncio.CancelledError: + break + + if self._closed or self._current_request is None: + break + + request = self._current_request + + # Check for WebSocket upgrade + if self._is_websocket_upgrade(request): + await self._handle_websocket(request, sockname, peername) + break # WebSocket takes over the connection + + # Handle HTTP request + keepalive = await self._handle_http_request( + request, sockname, peername + ) + + # Increment worker request count + self.worker.nr += 1 + + # Check max_requests + if self.worker.nr >= self.worker.max_requests: + self.log.info("Autorestarting worker after current request.") + self.worker.alive = False + keepalive = False + + if not keepalive or not self.worker.alive: + break + + # Check connection limits for keepalive + if not self.cfg.keepalive: + break + + # Resume reading if paused during body consumption + self._resume_reading() + + # Reset parser for next request + if self._callback_parser: + self._callback_parser.reset() + + # Clear request state + self._current_request = None + self._body_receiver = None + + # Arm keepalive timer between requests + self._arm_keepalive_timer() + + except asyncio.CancelledError: + pass + except Exception as e: + self.log.exception("Error handling connection: %s", e) + finally: + self._close_transport() + async def _parse_request_fast(self, parser, buffer, peername): """Parse request using fast HttpParser with direct buffering. diff --git a/gunicorn/config.py b/gunicorn/config.py index 1c72ed65..4403e9cb 100644 --- a/gunicorn/config.py +++ b/gunicorn/config.py @@ -2775,15 +2775,16 @@ def validate_asgi_lifespan(val): def validate_http_parser(val): """Validate http_parser setting. - Accepts: auto, fast, python + Accepts: auto, fast, python, callback, fast-callback """ if val is None: return "auto" if not isinstance(val, str): raise TypeError("http_parser must be a string") val = val.lower().strip() - if val not in ("auto", "fast", "python"): - raise ValueError("http_parser must be: auto, fast, or python") + valid_values = ("auto", "fast", "python", "callback", "fast-callback") + if val not in valid_values: + raise ValueError("http_parser must be one of: %s" % ", ".join(valid_values)) return val @@ -2870,10 +2871,15 @@ class HttpParser(Setting): desc = """\ HTTP parser implementation. + Pull-based parsers (used in request handling loop): - auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) - fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) - python: Force pure Python parser + Callback-based parsers (parsing in data_received, lower overhead): + - callback: Use callback parser (H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol) + - fast-callback: Require H1CProtocol callback parser (fail if unavailable) + The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] From 464cbbfad56719fadc9d5ed15dc15fae79c2afca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 23:50:06 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 09/29] Add write flow control and HTTP/2 streaming - Add FlowControl class for transport-level write backpressure - Integrate flow control into HTTP/1.1 protocol to prevent memory issues with large streaming responses - Set write buffer high water mark to 64KB - Add pause_writing/resume_writing protocol callbacks - Stream HTTP/2 responses immediately instead of buffering - Add _convert_h2_headers helper for cleaner header conversion --- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 188 +++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 124 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 29d8a384..75f2a550 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -77,8 +77,48 @@ _cached_date_time = 0.0 # Pre-compute common chunk size prefixes to avoid repeated formatting _CHUNK_PREFIXES = {i: f"{i:x}\r\n".encode("latin-1") for i in range(16384)} -# High water mark for write buffer backpressure (256KB) -_WRITE_BUFFER_HIGH_WATER = 262144 +# High water mark for write buffer backpressure (64KB) +HIGH_WATER_LIMIT = 65536 + + +class FlowControl: + """Manage transport-level write flow control. + + Blocks send() when transport buffer exceeds high water mark, + preventing memory issues with large streaming responses. + """ + __slots__ = ('_transport', 'read_paused', 'write_paused', '_is_writable_event') + + def __init__(self, transport): + self._transport = transport + self.read_paused = False + self.write_paused = False + self._is_writable_event = asyncio.Event() + self._is_writable_event.set() + + async def drain(self): + """Wait until transport is writable.""" + await self._is_writable_event.wait() + + def pause_reading(self): + if not self.read_paused: + self.read_paused = True + self._transport.pause_reading() + + def resume_reading(self): + if self.read_paused: + self.read_paused = False + self._transport.resume_reading() + + def pause_writing(self): + if not self.write_paused: + self.write_paused = True + self._is_writable_event.clear() + + def resume_writing(self): + if self.write_paused: + self.write_paused = False + self._is_writable_event.set() def _get_cached_date_header(): @@ -300,6 +340,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._is_ssl = False self._use_callback_parser = False + # Write flow control + self._flow_control = None + def connection_made(self, transport): """Called when a connection is established.""" self.transport = transport @@ -322,6 +365,10 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._data_event = asyncio.Event() self.writer = transport + # Setup flow control for HTTP/1.x + self._flow_control = FlowControl(transport) + transport.set_write_buffer_limits(high=HIGH_WATER_LIMIT) + # Check if callback parser should be used self._use_callback_parser = self._should_use_callback_parser() @@ -545,6 +592,16 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if self._task and not self._task.done(): self._task.cancel() + def pause_writing(self): + """Called by transport when write buffer exceeds high water mark.""" + if self._flow_control: + self._flow_control.pause_writing() + + def resume_writing(self): + """Called by transport when write buffer drains below low water mark.""" + if self._flow_control: + self._flow_control.resume_writing() + def _safe_write(self, data): """Write data to transport, handling connection errors gracefully. @@ -936,6 +993,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if body: self._send_body(body, chunked=use_chunked) response_sent += len(body) + # Apply write backpressure for streaming responses + if self._flow_control: + await self._flow_control.drain() if not more_body: if use_chunked: @@ -1349,19 +1409,33 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): pass self._close_transport() + def _convert_h2_headers(self, headers): + """Convert ASGI headers to HTTP/2 format (lowercase string names).""" + result = [] + for name, value in headers: + if isinstance(name, bytes): + name = name.decode("latin-1") + if isinstance(value, bytes): + value = value.decode("latin-1") + result.append((name.lower(), value)) + return result + async def _handle_http2_request(self, request, h2_conn, sockname, peername): - """Handle a single HTTP/2 request.""" + """Handle a single HTTP/2 request with streaming support. + + Streams response body chunks immediately instead of buffering, + enabling SSE, streaming downloads, and other real-time use cases. + """ stream_id = request.stream.stream_id scope = self._build_http2_scope(request, sockname, peername) response_started = False response_complete = False + headers_sent = False exc_to_raise = None - response_status = 500 response_headers = [] - response_body = b'' - response_trailers = [] + response_sent = 0 async def receive(): # For HTTP/2, the body is already buffered in the stream @@ -1373,8 +1447,8 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): } async def send(message): - nonlocal response_started, response_complete, exc_to_raise - nonlocal response_status, response_headers, response_body + nonlocal response_started, response_complete, headers_sent + nonlocal response_status, response_headers, response_sent, exc_to_raise msg_type = message["type"] @@ -1382,14 +1456,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Handle informational responses (1xx) like 103 Early Hints over HTTP/2 info_status = message.get("status") info_headers = message.get("headers", []) - # Convert headers to list of string tuples - headers = [] - for name, value in info_headers: - if isinstance(name, bytes): - name = name.decode("latin-1") - if isinstance(value, bytes): - value = value.decode("latin-1") - headers.append((name, value)) + headers = self._convert_h2_headers(info_headers) await h2_conn.send_informational(stream_id, info_status, headers) return @@ -1400,6 +1467,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_started = True response_status = message["status"] response_headers = message.get("headers", []) + # Don't send headers yet - wait for first body chunk elif msg_type == "http.response.body": if not response_started: @@ -1412,10 +1480,31 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): body = message.get("body", b"") more_body = message.get("more_body", False) + # Send headers with first body chunk + if not headers_sent: + headers = self._convert_h2_headers(response_headers) + response_hdrs = [(':status', str(response_status))] + response_hdrs.extend(headers) + + # Send headers without end_stream since we have body + stream = h2_conn.streams.get(stream_id) + if stream is None: + exc_to_raise = RuntimeError("Stream closed") + return + h2_conn.h2_conn.send_headers(stream_id, response_hdrs, end_stream=False) + stream.send_headers(response_hdrs, end_stream=False) + await h2_conn._send_pending_data() + headers_sent = True + + # Stream body immediately if body: - response_body += body + await h2_conn.send_data(stream_id, body, end_stream=not more_body) + response_sent += len(body) if not more_body: + if not body: + # Empty final chunk - send end_stream + await h2_conn.send_data(stream_id, b"", end_stream=True) response_complete = True elif msg_type == "http.response.trailers": @@ -1423,15 +1512,8 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): exc_to_raise = RuntimeError("Cannot send trailers before body complete") return trailer_headers = message.get("headers", []) - # Convert to list of tuples with string values - trailers = [] - for name, value in trailer_headers: - if isinstance(name, bytes): - name = name.decode("latin-1") - if isinstance(value, bytes): - value = value.decode("latin-1") - trailers.append((name, value)) - response_trailers.extend(trailers) + trailers = self._convert_h2_headers(trailer_headers) + await h2_conn.send_trailers(stream_id, trailers) # Only build environ for logging if access logging is enabled access_log_enabled = self.log.access_log_enabled @@ -1444,48 +1526,26 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if exc_to_raise is not None: raise exc_to_raise - # Send response via HTTP/2 - if response_started: - # Convert headers to list of tuples - headers = [] - for name, value in response_headers: - if isinstance(name, bytes): - name = name.decode("latin-1") - if isinstance(value, bytes): - value = value.decode("latin-1") - headers.append((name, value)) - - if response_trailers: - # Send headers, body, then trailers separately - response_hdrs = [(':status', str(response_status))] - for name, value in headers: - response_hdrs.append((name.lower(), str(value))) - - # Send headers without ending stream - h2_conn.h2_conn.send_headers(stream_id, response_hdrs, end_stream=False) - stream = h2_conn.streams[stream_id] - stream.send_headers(response_hdrs, end_stream=False) - await h2_conn._send_pending_data() - - # Send body without ending stream - if response_body: - h2_conn.h2_conn.send_data(stream_id, response_body, end_stream=False) - stream.send_data(response_body, end_stream=False) - await h2_conn._send_pending_data() - - # Send trailers (ends stream) - await h2_conn.send_trailers(stream_id, response_trailers) - else: - await h2_conn.send_response( - stream_id, response_status, headers, response_body - ) - else: + # Handle case where app didn't send any response + if not response_started: await h2_conn.send_error(stream_id, 500, "Internal Server Error") response_status = 500 + # Handle case where headers were started but no body was sent + elif not headers_sent: + # Send headers now (empty body response) + headers = self._convert_h2_headers(response_headers) + response_hdrs = [(':status', str(response_status))] + response_hdrs.extend(headers) + stream = h2_conn.streams.get(stream_id) + if stream: + h2_conn.h2_conn.send_headers(stream_id, response_hdrs, end_stream=True) + stream.send_headers(response_hdrs, end_stream=True) + await h2_conn._send_pending_data() + except Exception: self.log.exception("Error in ASGI application") - if not response_started: + if not headers_sent: await h2_conn.send_error(stream_id, 500, "Internal Server Error") response_status = 500 finally: @@ -1495,7 +1555,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if access_log_enabled: environ = self._build_http2_environ(request, sockname, peername) resp = ASGIResponseInfo( - response_status, response_headers, len(response_body) + response_status, response_headers, response_sent ) self.log.access(resp, request, environ, request_time) else: From ea37eaaa6d80bc096d22403095496ac657eedb00 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:37 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 10/29] Add streaming body support to HTTP2Stream - Add _body_chunks, _body_event, _body_complete fields for streaming - Modify receive_data() to populate chunks queue alongside BytesIO - Add async read_body_chunk() method for streaming body reads This enables HTTP/2 request body streaming instead of buffering entire uploads, reducing memory usage for large file uploads. --- gunicorn/http2/stream.py | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 41 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/http2/stream.py b/gunicorn/http2/stream.py index 18ba40f4..8d03fdaf 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http2/stream.py +++ b/gunicorn/http2/stream.py @@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ class HTTP2Stream: self.priority_depends_on = 0 self.priority_exclusive = False + # Streaming body support (avoids buffering entire uploads) + self._body_chunks = [] + self._body_event = None # Lazy-init asyncio.Event + self._body_complete = False + @property def is_client_stream(self): """Check if this is a client-initiated stream (odd stream ID).""" @@ -122,7 +127,7 @@ class HTTP2Stream: self.request_complete = True def receive_data(self, data, end_stream=False): - """Process received DATA frame. + """Process received DATA frame with streaming support. Args: data: Bytes received @@ -137,11 +142,21 @@ class HTTP2Stream: f"Cannot receive data in state {self.state.name}" ) + # Add to chunks queue for streaming reads + if data: + self._body_chunks.append(data) + if self._body_event: + self._body_event.set() + + # Also write to legacy BytesIO for compatibility self.request_body.write(data) if end_stream: self._half_close_remote() self.request_complete = True + self._body_complete = True + if self._body_event: + self._body_event.set() def receive_trailers(self, trailers): """Process received trailing headers. @@ -283,6 +298,31 @@ class HTTP2Stream: """ return self.request_body.getvalue() + async def read_body_chunk(self): + """Read next body chunk asynchronously for streaming. + + Returns: + bytes: Next chunk of body data, or None if body is complete. + """ + import asyncio + + # Initialize event lazily (avoids event loop issues at construction) + if self._body_event is None: + self._body_event = asyncio.Event() + + while True: + # Return chunk if available + if self._body_chunks: + return self._body_chunks.pop(0) + + # No more data expected + if self._body_complete: + return None + + # Wait for more data + self._body_event.clear() + await self._body_event.wait() + def get_pseudo_headers(self): """Extract HTTP/2 pseudo-headers from request headers. From 0ca0d0cb02bd2355cee49c9bd2e67b4ee8238002 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:01:17 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 11/29] Fix body polling and HTTP/2 request streaming - Replace 100ms polling with event-based waiting in BodyReceiver - Stream HTTP/2 request bodies instead of buffering entire uploads - Add timeout handling for disconnect detection --- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 68 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 75f2a550..2a239f8b 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -275,18 +275,35 @@ class BodyReceiver: return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} async def _read_with_disconnect_check(self): - """Read body with periodic disconnect checks (avoids task creation).""" - # Use wait_for with short timeout to check disconnect periodically + """Read body using event-based waiting (no polling). + + Uses the protocol's data event to wait for incoming data, + avoiding the latency and CPU overhead of periodic polling. + """ while not self._closed and not self.protocol._closed: + # Try to read available data try: - chunk = await asyncio.wait_for( - self.request.read_body(65536), - timeout=0.1 - ) + chunk = await self.request.read_body(65536) return chunk - except asyncio.TimeoutError: - # Check disconnect and retry - continue + except Exception: + # If read fails, check if we should continue + if self._closed or self.protocol._closed: + return None + # Wait for more data using the protocol's data event + if self.protocol._data_event: + self.protocol._data_event.clear() + # Use wait_for with longer timeout for disconnect detection + try: + await asyncio.wait_for( + self.protocol._data_event.wait(), + timeout=30.0 # 30s timeout for disconnect detection + ) + except asyncio.TimeoutError: + # Check connection state and continue + continue + else: + # No event available, brief sleep as fallback + await asyncio.sleep(0.001) return None @@ -1423,10 +1440,12 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): async def _handle_http2_request(self, request, h2_conn, sockname, peername): """Handle a single HTTP/2 request with streaming support. - Streams response body chunks immediately instead of buffering, - enabling SSE, streaming downloads, and other real-time use cases. + Streams both request and response body chunks immediately, + avoiding buffering entire uploads and enabling SSE, streaming + downloads, and other real-time use cases. """ stream_id = request.stream.stream_id + stream = h2_conn.streams.get(stream_id) scope = self._build_http2_scope(request, sockname, peername) response_started = False @@ -1437,13 +1456,47 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_headers = [] response_sent = 0 + # Track if we've finished receiving body + body_received = False + async def receive(): - # For HTTP/2, the body is already buffered in the stream - body = request.body.read() + nonlocal body_received + + # Check if stream is closed or missing + if stream is None or stream.state.name == "CLOSED": + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + # First call: if body already complete (small requests), return it + if not body_received and stream.request_complete and not stream._body_chunks: + body_received = True + body = stream.get_request_body() + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": body, + "more_body": False, + } + + # Streaming: read next chunk + try: + chunk = await asyncio.wait_for( + stream.read_body_chunk(), + timeout=30.0 + ) + except asyncio.TimeoutError: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + if chunk is None: + body_received = True + return { + "type": "http.request", + "body": b"", + "more_body": False, + } + return { "type": "http.request", - "body": body, - "more_body": False, + "body": chunk, + "more_body": not stream._body_complete, } async def send(message): From 87bfb7d190921457ecfe57dee145e5c22064bea1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:18:25 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 12/29] Add RFC 7230 validation for chunked transfer-encoding Validate after fast parser returns: - Reject chunked with HTTP/1.0 - Reject chunked + Content-Length conflict --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index fbc74d51..03197d31 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -219,6 +219,16 @@ class HttpParser: pr.content_length = req.content_length if req.content_length >= 0 else 0 pr.chunked = req.has_chunked + # Validate Transfer-Encoding per RFC 7230 + if pr.chunked: + # Chunked requires HTTP/1.1+ + if req.minor_version < 1: + raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") + # Chunked with Content-Length is invalid + if req.content_length >= 0: + raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") + pr.content_length = -1 + # connection_close: -1 = not set, 0 = keep-alive, 1 = close if req.connection_close == 1: pr.must_close = True From e8150e27b21bfeac457a1d1ab6e62c9c7b5464a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 02:02:03 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 13/29] Simplify ASGI parser to always use callback mode Remove pull-based HttpParser path and always use callback-based parsing: - Remove HttpParser, ParseResult, FastAsyncRequest classes from parser.py - Remove BufferReader, _handle_connection_fast(), _parse_request_fast() - Update _setup_callback_parser() to handle auto/fast/python modes - Fix race condition when data arrives before _handle_connection starts - Simplify http_parser config to auto/fast/python (remove callback modes) Parser selection for ASGI: - auto: H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol - fast: H1CProtocol required (error if unavailable) - python: PythonProtocol only Reduces code by ~1150 lines while maintaining performance. --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 929 +------------------------------------- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 405 ++++------------- gunicorn/config.py | 23 +- 3 files changed, 104 insertions(+), 1253 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index 03197d31..8c1bdbfe 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -3,935 +3,12 @@ # See the NOTICE for more information. """ -Unified HTTP parser interface for ASGI workers. +HTTP parser for ASGI workers. -Provides a common interface for both fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c) -and the pure Python parser, with incremental (push-based) parsing. +Provides callback-based parsing using either the fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c) +or the pure Python PythonProtocol fallback. """ -import re -import ipaddress -import socket -import struct - -from gunicorn.http.errors import ( - InvalidHeader, InvalidHeaderName, NoMoreData, - InvalidRequestLine, InvalidRequestMethod, InvalidHTTPVersion, - LimitRequestLine, LimitRequestHeaders, - UnsupportedTransferCoding, ObsoleteFolding, - InvalidProxyLine, InvalidProxyHeader, ForbiddenProxyRequest, - InvalidSchemeHeaders, ExpectationFailed, -) -from gunicorn.http.message import PP_V2_SIGNATURE, PPCommand, PPFamily, PPProtocol -from gunicorn.util import bytes_to_str, split_request_uri - -MAX_REQUEST_LINE = 8190 -MAX_HEADERS = 32768 -DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE = 8190 - -# Reuse regex patterns -RFC9110_5_6_2_TOKEN_SPECIALS = r"!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~" -TOKEN_RE = re.compile(r"[%s0-9a-zA-Z]+" % (re.escape(RFC9110_5_6_2_TOKEN_SPECIALS))) -METHOD_BADCHAR_RE = re.compile("[a-z#]") -VERSION_RE = re.compile(r"HTTP/(\d)\.(\d)") -RFC9110_5_5_INVALID_AND_DANGEROUS = re.compile(r"[\0\r\n]") - - -def _ip_in_allow_list(ip_str, allow_list, networks): - """Check if IP address is in the allow list.""" - if '*' in allow_list: - return True - try: - ip = ipaddress.ip_address(ip_str) - except ValueError: - return False - for network in networks: - if ip in network: - return True - return False - - -class ParseResult: - """Result of header parsing. - - Headers are stored as bytes tuples for performance: - - headers_bytes: list of (name_bytes_lowercase, value_bytes) - - headers: list of (name_str_uppercase, value_str) for compatibility - """ - - __slots__ = ( - 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', - 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', - 'keep_alive', 'consumed', 'proxy_protocol_info', - 'must_close', 'expect_100_continue', - ) - - def __init__(self): - self.method = None - self.uri = None - self.path = None - self.query = None - self.fragment = None - self.version = None - self.headers = [] # (name_str_uppercase, value_str) for compatibility - self.headers_bytes = [] # (name_bytes_lowercase, value_bytes) for ASGI scope - self.scheme = "http" - self.content_length = 0 - self.chunked = False - self.keep_alive = True - self.consumed = 0 - self.proxy_protocol_info = None - self.must_close = False - self.expect_100_continue = False - - -class HttpParser: - """Unified incremental HTTP parser. - - Works with both gunicorn_h1c (fast C extension) and pure Python parsing. - Designed for push-based parsing where data arrives via data_received(). - """ - - # Class-level cache for fast parser availability (import check is expensive) - _fast_available = None - _h1c_module = None - - def __init__(self, cfg, peer_addr, is_ssl=False, req_number=1, is_trusted_proxy=False): - """Initialize the parser. - - Args: - cfg: gunicorn config object - peer_addr: client address tuple (host, port) - is_ssl: whether this is an SSL connection - req_number: request number on this connection (for proxy protocol) - is_trusted_proxy: whether peer is in forwarded_allow_ips (pre-computed) - """ - self.cfg = cfg - self.peer_addr = peer_addr - self.is_ssl = is_ssl - self.req_number = req_number - self._is_trusted_proxy = is_trusted_proxy - self._result = None - - # Limits - self.limit_request_line = cfg.limit_request_line - if self.limit_request_line < 0 or self.limit_request_line >= MAX_REQUEST_LINE: - self.limit_request_line = MAX_REQUEST_LINE - - self.limit_request_fields = cfg.limit_request_fields - if self.limit_request_fields <= 0 or self.limit_request_fields > MAX_HEADERS: - self.limit_request_fields = MAX_HEADERS - - self.limit_request_field_size = cfg.limit_request_field_size - if self.limit_request_field_size < 0: - self.limit_request_field_size = DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE - - max_header_field_size = self.limit_request_field_size or DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE - self.max_buffer_headers = self.limit_request_fields * (max_header_field_size + 2) + 4 - - # Use cached fast parser check (import is expensive, do once per process) - self._use_fast = self._check_fast_available() - - def _check_fast_available(self): - """Check if fast C parser is available (cached at class level).""" - parser_setting = getattr(self.cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') - if parser_setting == 'python': - return False - - # Use class-level cache to avoid repeated import checks - if HttpParser._fast_available is None: - try: - import gunicorn_h1c - HttpParser._fast_available = True - HttpParser._h1c_module = gunicorn_h1c - except ImportError: - HttpParser._fast_available = False - - if not HttpParser._fast_available and parser_setting == 'fast': - raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c not installed but http_parser='fast'") - - return HttpParser._fast_available - - def feed(self, buffer): - """Parse buffer incrementally. - - Args: - buffer: bytearray containing received data - - Returns: - ParseResult if headers are complete, None if more data needed - - Raises: - Various HTTP parsing errors for malformed requests - """ - if self._use_fast: - return self._feed_fast(buffer) - else: - return self._feed_python(buffer) - - def _feed_fast(self, buffer): - """Parse using fast C parser with optimized API. - - Uses parse_request_fast() which: - - Accepts bytearray directly (no bytes() copy) - - Returns pre-computed content_length, has_chunked, connection_close - - Returns headers as bytes tuples (no intermediate conversion) - """ - h1c = HttpParser._h1c_module - try: - # Use parse_request_fast - accepts bytearray directly - req = h1c.parse_request_fast(buffer) - - # Build ParseResult from fast request object - pr = ParseResult() - - # Method and path (bytes -> str) - pr.method = bytes_to_str(req.method) - pr.uri = bytes_to_str(req.path) - - # Parse path/query from URI - try: - parts = split_request_uri(pr.uri) - pr.path = parts.path or "" - pr.query = parts.query or "" - pr.fragment = parts.fragment or "" - except ValueError: - pr.path = pr.uri - pr.query = "" - pr.fragment = "" - - pr.version = (1, req.minor_version) - pr.consumed = req.consumed - - # Headers - store both bytes (for ASGI scope) and strings (for compatibility) - # gunicorn_h1c returns headers as (name_bytes, value_bytes) - headers_bytes = [] - headers_str = [] - for n, v in req.headers: - # ASGI requires lowercase header names - headers_bytes.append((n.lower(), v)) - # Compatibility: uppercase string names - headers_str.append((bytes_to_str(n).upper(), bytes_to_str(v))) - pr.headers_bytes = headers_bytes - pr.headers = headers_str - - # Use pre-computed body info from C parser - pr.content_length = req.content_length if req.content_length >= 0 else 0 - pr.chunked = req.has_chunked - - # Validate Transfer-Encoding per RFC 7230 - if pr.chunked: - # Chunked requires HTTP/1.1+ - if req.minor_version < 1: - raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") - # Chunked with Content-Length is invalid - if req.content_length >= 0: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - pr.content_length = -1 - - # connection_close: -1 = not set, 0 = keep-alive, 1 = close - if req.connection_close == 1: - pr.must_close = True - pr.keep_alive = False - elif req.connection_close == 0: - pr.must_close = False - pr.keep_alive = True - else: - # Not set - default based on HTTP version - pr.keep_alive = req.minor_version >= 1 - pr.must_close = False - - pr.scheme = "https" if self.is_ssl else "http" - - # Apply scheme headers for trusted proxies - if self._is_trusted_proxy: - self._apply_scheme_headers(pr) - - self._result = pr - return pr - - except h1c.IncompleteError: - return None - except h1c.ParseError as e: - # Map to gunicorn HTTP errors - raise InvalidRequestLine(str(e)) - - def _feed_python(self, buffer): - """Parse using pure Python parser.""" - # Handle proxy protocol on first request - mode = self.cfg.proxy_protocol - proxy_info = None - buf_offset = 0 - - if mode != "off" and self.req_number == 1: - # Check for proxy protocol - if len(buffer) < 12: - return None # Need more data - - if mode in ("v2", "auto") and buffer[:12] == PP_V2_SIGNATURE: - self._proxy_protocol_access_check() - consumed, proxy_info = self._parse_proxy_v2(buffer) - if consumed is None: - return None # Need more data - buf_offset = consumed - - elif mode in ("v1", "auto") and buffer[:6] == b"PROXY ": - self._proxy_protocol_access_check() - consumed, proxy_info = self._parse_proxy_v1(buffer) - if consumed is None: - return None # Need more data - buf_offset = consumed - - # Find request line - idx = buffer.find(b"\r\n", buf_offset) - if idx < 0: - if len(buffer) - buf_offset > self.limit_request_line: - raise LimitRequestLine(len(buffer) - buf_offset, self.limit_request_line) - return None # Need more data - - line_len = idx - buf_offset - if line_len > self.limit_request_line: - raise LimitRequestLine(line_len, self.limit_request_line) - - request_line = bytes(buffer[buf_offset:idx]) - headers_start = idx + 2 - - # Find end of headers - headers_end = buffer.find(b"\r\n\r\n", headers_start) - if headers_end < 0: - # Check for empty headers case - if buffer[headers_start:headers_start + 2] == b"\r\n": - headers_end = headers_start - else: - if len(buffer) - headers_start > self.max_buffer_headers: - raise LimitRequestHeaders("max buffer headers") - return None # Need more data - - # Parse request line - pr = ParseResult() - pr.proxy_protocol_info = proxy_info - self._parse_request_line(request_line, pr) - - # Parse headers (if any) - if buffer[headers_start:headers_start + 2] == b"\r\n": - # Empty headers - pr.consumed = headers_start + 2 - pr.headers_bytes = [] - else: - headers_data = bytes(buffer[headers_start:headers_end]) - pr.headers = self._parse_headers(headers_data) - # Also generate bytes headers for ASGI scope - pr.headers_bytes = [ - (n.lower().encode('latin-1'), v.encode('latin-1')) - for n, v in pr.headers - ] - pr.consumed = headers_end + 4 - - # Set scheme - pr.scheme = "https" if self.is_ssl else "http" - - # Check for scheme headers from trusted proxy - self._apply_scheme_headers(pr) - - # Parse body info - self._parse_body_info(pr) - - # Determine keep-alive - pr.keep_alive = self._should_keep_alive(pr) - - self._result = pr - return pr - - def _proxy_protocol_access_check(self): - """Check if proxy protocol is allowed from this peer.""" - if isinstance(self.peer_addr, tuple): - if not _ip_in_allow_list( - self.peer_addr[0], - self.cfg.proxy_allow_ips, - self.cfg.proxy_allow_networks() - ): - raise ForbiddenProxyRequest(self.peer_addr[0]) - - def _parse_proxy_v1(self, buffer): - """Parse PROXY protocol v1 (text format). - - Returns (consumed, info) or (None, None) if incomplete. - """ - idx = buffer.find(b"\r\n") - if idx < 0: - return None, None - - line = bytes_to_str(bytes(buffer[:idx])) - bits = line.split(" ") - - if len(bits) != 6: - raise InvalidProxyLine(line) - - proto = bits[1] - s_addr = bits[2] - d_addr = bits[3] - - if proto not in ["TCP4", "TCP6"]: - raise InvalidProxyLine("protocol '%s' not supported" % proto) - - if proto == "TCP4": - try: - socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, s_addr) - socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET, d_addr) - except OSError: - raise InvalidProxyLine(line) - elif proto == "TCP6": - try: - socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, s_addr) - socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, d_addr) - except OSError: - raise InvalidProxyLine(line) - - try: - s_port = int(bits[4]) - d_port = int(bits[5]) - except ValueError: - raise InvalidProxyLine("invalid port %s" % line) - - if not ((0 <= s_port <= 65535) and (0 <= d_port <= 65535)): - raise InvalidProxyLine("invalid port %s" % line) - - info = { - "proxy_protocol": proto, - "client_addr": s_addr, - "client_port": s_port, - "proxy_addr": d_addr, - "proxy_port": d_port - } - - return idx + 2, info - - def _parse_proxy_v2(self, buffer): - """Parse PROXY protocol v2 (binary format). - - Returns (consumed, info) or (None, None) if incomplete. - """ - if len(buffer) < 16: - return None, None - - ver_cmd = buffer[12] - fam_proto = buffer[13] - length = struct.unpack(">H", bytes(buffer[14:16]))[0] - - version = (ver_cmd & 0xF0) >> 4 - if version != 2: - raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported version %d" % version) - - command = ver_cmd & 0x0F - if command not in (PPCommand.LOCAL, PPCommand.PROXY): - raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported command %d" % command) - - total_size = 16 + length - if len(buffer) < total_size: - return None, None - - if command == PPCommand.LOCAL: - info = { - "proxy_protocol": "LOCAL", - "client_addr": None, - "client_port": None, - "proxy_addr": None, - "proxy_port": None - } - return total_size, info - - family = (fam_proto & 0xF0) >> 4 - protocol = fam_proto & 0x0F - - if protocol != PPProtocol.STREAM: - raise InvalidProxyHeader("only TCP protocol is supported") - - addr_data = bytes(buffer[16:16 + length]) - - if family == PPFamily.INET: - if length < 12: - raise InvalidProxyHeader("insufficient address data for IPv4") - s_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, addr_data[0:4]) - d_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, addr_data[4:8]) - s_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[8:10])[0] - d_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[10:12])[0] - proto = "TCP4" - - elif family == PPFamily.INET6: - if length < 36: - raise InvalidProxyHeader("insufficient address data for IPv6") - s_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET6, addr_data[0:16]) - d_addr = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET6, addr_data[16:32]) - s_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[32:34])[0] - d_port = struct.unpack(">H", addr_data[34:36])[0] - proto = "TCP6" - - elif family == PPFamily.UNSPEC: - info = { - "proxy_protocol": "UNSPEC", - "client_addr": None, - "client_port": None, - "proxy_addr": None, - "proxy_port": None - } - return total_size, info - - else: - raise InvalidProxyHeader("unsupported address family %d" % family) - - info = { - "proxy_protocol": proto, - "client_addr": s_addr, - "client_port": s_port, - "proxy_addr": d_addr, - "proxy_port": d_port - } - - return total_size, info - - def _parse_request_line(self, line_bytes, result): - """Parse the HTTP request line.""" - bits = [bytes_to_str(bit) for bit in line_bytes.split(b" ", 2)] - if len(bits) != 3: - raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) - - # Method - result.method = bits[0] - - if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method: - if METHOD_BADCHAR_RE.search(result.method): - raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) - if not 3 <= len(bits[0]) <= 20: - raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) - - if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(result.method): - raise InvalidRequestMethod(result.method) - - if self.cfg.casefold_http_method: - result.method = result.method.upper() - - # URI - result.uri = bits[1] - if len(result.uri) == 0: - raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) - - try: - parts = split_request_uri(result.uri) - except ValueError: - raise InvalidRequestLine(bytes_to_str(line_bytes)) - - result.path = parts.path or "" - result.query = parts.query or "" - result.fragment = parts.fragment or "" - - # Version - match = VERSION_RE.fullmatch(bits[2]) - if match is None: - raise InvalidHTTPVersion(bits[2]) - - result.version = (int(match.group(1)), int(match.group(2))) - if not (1, 0) <= result.version < (2, 0): - if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version: - raise InvalidHTTPVersion(result.version) - - def _parse_headers(self, data): - """Parse HTTP headers from raw data.""" - headers = [] - lines = [bytes_to_str(line) for line in data.split(b"\r\n")] - num_lines = len(lines) - i = 0 - - while i < num_lines: - if len(headers) >= self.limit_request_fields: - raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields") - - curr = lines[i] - i += 1 - header_length = len(curr) + len("\r\n") - - if curr.find(":") <= 0: - raise InvalidHeader(curr) - - name, value = curr.split(":", 1) - if self.cfg.strip_header_spaces: - name = name.rstrip(" \t") - - if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(name): - raise InvalidHeaderName(name) - - name = name.upper() - value = [value.strip(" \t")] - - # Handle obsolete folding - while i < num_lines and lines[i].startswith((" ", "\t")): - if not self.cfg.permit_obsolete_folding: - raise ObsoleteFolding(name) - curr = lines[i] - i += 1 - header_length += len(curr) + len("\r\n") - if header_length > self.limit_request_field_size > 0: - raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields size") - value.append(curr.strip("\t ")) - - value = " ".join(value) - - if RFC9110_5_5_INVALID_AND_DANGEROUS.search(value): - raise InvalidHeader(name) - - if header_length > self.limit_request_field_size > 0: - raise LimitRequestHeaders("limit request headers fields size") - - # Handle underscore in header names - if "_" in name: - forwarder_headers = self.cfg.forwarder_headers - if name in forwarder_headers or "*" in forwarder_headers: - pass - elif self.cfg.header_map == "dangerous": - pass - elif self.cfg.header_map == "drop": - continue - else: - raise InvalidHeaderName(name) - - headers.append((name, value)) - - return headers - - def _apply_scheme_headers(self, result): - """Apply scheme headers from trusted proxy.""" - if not isinstance(self.peer_addr, tuple): - return - - # Use pre-computed trusted proxy check (avoids IP parsing on every request) - if not self._is_trusted_proxy: - return - - secure_scheme_headers = self.cfg.secure_scheme_headers - scheme_header = False - - for name, value in result.headers: - if name == "EXPECT": - if value.lower() == "100-continue": - if result.version >= (1, 1): - result.expect_100_continue = True - else: - raise ExpectationFailed(value) - - if name in secure_scheme_headers: - secure = value == secure_scheme_headers[name] - scheme = "https" if secure else "http" - if scheme_header: - if scheme != result.scheme: - raise InvalidSchemeHeaders() - else: - scheme_header = True - result.scheme = scheme - - def _parse_body_info(self, result): - """Parse Content-Length and Transfer-Encoding from headers.""" - chunked = False - content_length = None - - for name, value in result.headers: - if name == "CONTENT-LENGTH": - if content_length is not None: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - content_length = value - - elif name == "TRANSFER-ENCODING": - vals = [v.strip() for v in value.split(',')] - for val in vals: - if val.lower() == "chunked": - if chunked: - raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") - chunked = True - elif val.lower() == "identity": - if chunked: - raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") - elif val.lower() in ('compress', 'deflate', 'gzip'): - if chunked: - raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") - result.must_close = True - else: - raise UnsupportedTransferCoding(value) - - if chunked: - if result.version < (1, 1): - raise InvalidHeader("TRANSFER-ENCODING") - if content_length is not None: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - result.chunked = True - result.content_length = -1 - elif content_length is not None: - try: - if str(content_length).isnumeric(): - result.content_length = int(content_length) - else: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - except ValueError: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - - if result.content_length < 0: - raise InvalidHeader("CONTENT-LENGTH") - else: - result.content_length = 0 - - def _should_keep_alive(self, result): - """Determine if connection should be kept alive.""" - if result.must_close: - return False - - for name, value in result.headers: - if name == "CONNECTION": - v = value.lower().strip(" \t") - if v == "close": - return False - elif v == "keep-alive": - return True - break - - return result.version > (1, 0) - - def reset(self): - """Reset parser state for next request on keep-alive connection.""" - self._result = None - self.req_number += 1 - - -class FastAsyncRequest: - """Fast async HTTP request wrapper. - - Wraps a ParseResult from HttpParser and provides async body reading. - This is a lightweight adapter that allows protocol.py to use the fast - parser while maintaining compatibility with the existing interface. - """ - - __slots__ = ( - 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', - 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', 'content_length', 'chunked', - 'must_close', 'proxy_protocol_info', - '_reader', '_buffer', '_body_remaining', '_body_reader', - '_expect_100_continue', - ) - - def __init__(self, parse_result, reader, buffer, consumed): - """Initialize from a ParseResult. - - Args: - parse_result: ParseResult from HttpParser.feed() - reader: asyncio.StreamReader for body reading - buffer: bytearray buffer with remaining data after headers - consumed: bytes consumed from buffer by parser - """ - # Copy attributes from ParseResult - self.method = parse_result.method - self.uri = parse_result.uri - self.path = parse_result.path - self.query = parse_result.query - self.fragment = parse_result.fragment - self.version = parse_result.version - self.headers = parse_result.headers - self.headers_bytes = parse_result.headers_bytes # Pre-computed bytes headers - self.scheme = parse_result.scheme - self.content_length = parse_result.content_length - self.chunked = parse_result.chunked - self.must_close = parse_result.must_close - self.proxy_protocol_info = parse_result.proxy_protocol_info - self._expect_100_continue = parse_result.expect_100_continue - - # Body reading state - self._reader = reader - # Keep remaining data after headers in buffer - self._buffer = bytearray(buffer[consumed:]) - if self.chunked: - self._body_remaining = -1 - elif self.content_length: - self._body_remaining = self.content_length - else: - self._body_remaining = 0 - self._body_reader = None - - def should_close(self): - """Check if connection should be closed after this request.""" - if self.must_close: - return True - for name, value in self.headers: - if name == "CONNECTION": - v = value.lower().strip(" \t") - if v == "close": - return True - elif v == "keep-alive": - return False - break - return self.version <= (1, 0) - - def get_header(self, name): - """Get a header value by name (case-insensitive).""" - name = name.upper() - for h, v in self.headers: - if h == name: - return v - return None - - async def read_body(self, size=8192): - """Read a chunk of the request body. - - Args: - size: Maximum bytes to read - - Returns: - bytes: Body data, empty bytes when body is exhausted - """ - if self._body_remaining == 0: - return b"" - - if self.chunked: - return await self._read_chunked_body(size) - else: - return await self._read_length_body(size) - - async def _read_length_body(self, size): - """Read from a length-delimited body.""" - if self._body_remaining <= 0: - return b"" - - to_read = min(size, self._body_remaining) - - # First, use data from our buffer - if self._buffer: - if len(self._buffer) <= to_read: - data = bytes(self._buffer) - self._buffer.clear() - else: - data = bytes(self._buffer[:to_read]) - del self._buffer[:to_read] - self._body_remaining -= len(data) - return data - - # Read from stream - try: - data = await self._reader.read(to_read) - if data: - self._body_remaining -= len(data) - return data - except Exception: - return b"" - - async def _read_chunked_body(self, size): - """Read from a chunked body.""" - if self._body_reader is None: - self._body_reader = self._chunked_body_reader() - - try: - return await anext(self._body_reader) - except StopAsyncIteration: - self._body_remaining = 0 - return b"" - - async def _chunked_body_reader(self): - """Async generator for reading chunked body.""" - while True: - # Read chunk size line - size_line = await self._read_until_crlf() - # Parse chunk size (handle extensions) - chunk_size, *_ = size_line.split(b";", 1) - if _: - chunk_size = chunk_size.rstrip(b" \t") - - if any(n not in b"0123456789abcdefABCDEF" for n in chunk_size): - raise InvalidHeader("Invalid chunk size") - if len(chunk_size) == 0: - raise InvalidHeader("Invalid chunk size") - - chunk_size = int(chunk_size, 16) - - if chunk_size == 0: - # Final chunk - skip trailers and final CRLF - await self._skip_trailers() - return - - # Read chunk data - remaining = chunk_size - while remaining > 0: - data = await self._read_data(min(remaining, 8192)) - if not data: - raise NoMoreData() - remaining -= len(data) - yield data - - # Skip chunk terminating CRLF - crlf = await self._read_data(2) - if crlf != b"\r\n": - # May have partial read - while len(crlf) < 2: - more = await self._read_data(2 - len(crlf)) - if not more: - break - crlf += more - - async def _read_data(self, size): - """Read data from buffer or stream.""" - if self._buffer: - if len(self._buffer) <= size: - data = bytes(self._buffer) - self._buffer.clear() - return data - else: - data = bytes(self._buffer[:size]) - del self._buffer[:size] - return data - try: - return await self._reader.read(size) - except Exception: - return b"" - - async def _read_until_crlf(self): - """Read bytes until CRLF.""" - result = bytearray() - while True: - # Check buffer first - if self._buffer: - idx = self._buffer.find(b"\r\n") - if idx >= 0: - result.extend(self._buffer[:idx]) - del self._buffer[:idx + 2] - return bytes(result) - result.extend(self._buffer) - self._buffer.clear() - - # Read more data - try: - data = await self._reader.read(64) - except Exception: - break - if not data: - break - idx = data.find(b"\r\n") - if idx >= 0: - result.extend(data[:idx]) - # Put remaining data back in buffer - remaining = data[idx + 2:] - if remaining: - self._buffer.extend(remaining) - return bytes(result) - result.extend(data) - - return bytes(result) - - async def _skip_trailers(self): - """Skip trailer headers after chunked body.""" - while True: - line = await self._read_until_crlf() - if not line: - return - - async def drain_body(self): - """Drain any unread body data.""" - while True: - data = await self.read_body(8192) - if not data: - break - class ParseError(Exception): """Error raised during HTTP parsing.""" diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 2a239f8b..ed320a32 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import time from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader from gunicorn.asgi.parser import ( - HttpParser, FastAsyncRequest, PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError + PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError ) from gunicorn.asgi.uwsgi import AsyncUWSGIRequest from gunicorn.http.errors import NoMoreData @@ -159,41 +159,14 @@ class ASGIResponseInfo: self.headers.append((name, value)) -class BufferReader: - """Minimal async reader using protocol's direct buffer. - - Provides the read() interface that FastAsyncRequest expects, - but uses direct buffering instead of StreamReader. - """ - - __slots__ = ('_protocol',) - - def __init__(self, protocol): - self._protocol = protocol - - async def read(self, n): - """Read up to n bytes from the buffer.""" - p = self._protocol - - # Fast path: data already available - if p._buffer: - return p._consume_buffer(n) - - # Wait for data - if not await p._wait_for_data(): - return b"" - - return p._consume_buffer(n) - - class BodyReceiver: - """Fast body receiver using Future-based waiting. + """Body receiver for callback-based parsers. - Avoids asyncio.create_task overhead by using a single Future for waiting. - Supports direct chunk feeding for callback-based parsers. + Body chunks are fed directly via the feed() method from parser callbacks. + Uses Future-based waiting for efficient async receive(). """ - __slots__ = ('_chunks', '_complete', '_body_finished', '_closed', '_waiter', '_loop', + __slots__ = ('_chunks', '_complete', '_body_finished', '_closed', '_waiter', 'request', 'protocol') def __init__(self, request, protocol): @@ -204,7 +177,6 @@ class BodyReceiver: self._body_finished = False # True after returning more_body=False self._closed = False self._waiter = None - self._loop = None def feed(self, chunk): """Feed a body chunk directly (called by parser callback).""" @@ -257,63 +229,55 @@ class BodyReceiver: self._closed = True return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - # Need to read body from request (legacy path until Phase 3/4) - # Use direct await instead of create_task + wait + # Wait for body chunk to arrive via callback try: - chunk = await self._read_with_disconnect_check() - if chunk: - return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": True} - else: - self._complete = True + await self._wait_for_data() + + # Check what arrived + if self._closed: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + if self._chunks: + chunk = self._chunks.pop(0) + more = bool(self._chunks) or not self._complete + if not more: + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": more} + + if self._complete: self._body_finished = True return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} + + # Timeout or other condition - return empty with more_body=True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": True} + except asyncio.CancelledError: return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - except Exception: - self._complete = True - self._body_finished = True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} - async def _read_with_disconnect_check(self): - """Read body using event-based waiting (no polling). + async def _wait_for_data(self): + """Wait for body data to arrive via callback.""" + if self._chunks or self._complete or self._closed: + return - Uses the protocol's data event to wait for incoming data, - avoiding the latency and CPU overhead of periodic polling. - """ - while not self._closed and not self.protocol._closed: - # Try to read available data - try: - chunk = await self.request.read_body(65536) - return chunk - except Exception: - # If read fails, check if we should continue - if self._closed or self.protocol._closed: - return None - # Wait for more data using the protocol's data event - if self.protocol._data_event: - self.protocol._data_event.clear() - # Use wait_for with longer timeout for disconnect detection - try: - await asyncio.wait_for( - self.protocol._data_event.wait(), - timeout=30.0 # 30s timeout for disconnect detection - ) - except asyncio.TimeoutError: - # Check connection state and continue - continue - else: - # No event available, brief sleep as fallback - await asyncio.sleep(0.001) - return None + # Create a new waiter + loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() + self._waiter = loop.create_future() + + try: + # Wait with timeout for data or completion + await asyncio.wait_for(self._waiter, timeout=30.0) + except asyncio.TimeoutError: + pass + finally: + self._waiter = None class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """HTTP/1.1 protocol handler for ASGI applications. Handles connection lifecycle, request parsing, and ASGI app invocation. - Uses direct buffering instead of StreamReader for better performance. - Supports both pull-based (HttpParser) and callback-based (H1CProtocol/PythonProtocol) - parsing modes. + Uses callback-based parsing (H1CProtocol/PythonProtocol) for efficient + incremental parsing in data_received(). """ # Class-level cache for H1CProtocol availability @@ -336,26 +300,21 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): self._closed = False self._body_receiver = None # Set per-request for disconnect signaling - # Direct buffering (replaces StreamReader for HTTP/1.1) - self._buffer = bytearray() - self._data_event = None # Lazy init to avoid event loop issues - # Response buffering for write batching self._response_buffer = None # Backpressure control self._reading_paused = False - self._max_buffer_size = 65536 * 4 # 256KB max buffer + self._max_buffer_size = 65536 * 4 # 256KB max buffer (HTTP/2 only) # Keep-alive timer self._keepalive_handle = None - # Callback parser state (used when use_callback_parser=True) + # Callback parser state self._callback_parser = None self._request_ready = None # Event signaling headers complete self._current_request = None # Request built from parser state self._is_ssl = False - self._use_callback_parser = False # Write flow control self._flow_control = None @@ -377,26 +336,18 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): ) return - # HTTP/1.x connection + # HTTP/1.x connection - always use callback parser self._is_ssl = ssl_object is not None - self._data_event = asyncio.Event() self.writer = transport # Setup flow control for HTTP/1.x self._flow_control = FlowControl(transport) transport.set_write_buffer_limits(high=HIGH_WATER_LIMIT) - # Check if callback parser should be used - self._use_callback_parser = self._should_use_callback_parser() - - if self._use_callback_parser: - # Callback parser mode - setup request ready event - self._request_ready = asyncio.Event() - self._setup_callback_parser() - self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection_callback()) - else: - # Pull-based parser mode (existing fast path) - self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection()) + # Setup callback parser with request ready event + self._request_ready = asyncio.Event() + self._setup_callback_parser() + self._task = self.worker.loop.create_task(self._handle_connection()) @classmethod def _check_h1c_protocol_available(cls): @@ -410,27 +361,27 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): cls._h1c_available = False return cls._h1c_available - def _should_use_callback_parser(self): - """Determine if callback parser should be used.""" + def _setup_callback_parser(self): + """Create callback parser based on http_parser setting. + + Parser selection: + - auto: Use H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol + - fast: Require H1CProtocol (error if unavailable) + - python: Use PythonProtocol only + """ parser_setting = getattr(self.cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') - # Currently default to pull-based parser for stability - # Set http_parser='callback' to enable callback mode - if parser_setting == 'callback': - return True - if parser_setting == 'fast-callback': - # Only use callback mode if H1CProtocol is available - return self._check_h1c_protocol_available() - - return False - - def _setup_callback_parser(self): - """Create callback parser with request building handlers.""" - # Select parser implementation - if self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): - parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class - else: + if parser_setting == 'python': parser_class = PythonProtocol + elif parser_setting == 'fast': + if not self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): + raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c required for http_parser='fast'") + parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class + else: # auto + if self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): + parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class + else: + parser_class = PythonProtocol # Create parser with callbacks self._callback_parser = parser_class( @@ -471,33 +422,23 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if self.reader: # HTTP/2 path - use StreamReader self.reader.feed_data(data) - elif self._use_callback_parser and self._callback_parser: - # Callback parser path - feed directly to parser + elif self._callback_parser: + # HTTP/1.x path - feed directly to callback parser try: self._callback_parser.feed(data) except ParseError as e: self._send_error_response(400, str(e)) self._close_transport() return - else: - # HTTP/1.x path - direct buffer (faster) - self._buffer.extend(data) - if self._data_event is not None: - self._data_event.set() # Backpressure: pause reading if buffer is too large if not self._reading_paused and self._is_buffer_full(): self._pause_reading() def _is_buffer_full(self): - """Check if internal buffer is full.""" - if self.reader: - # HTTP/2 path - if hasattr(self.reader, '_buffer'): - return len(self.reader._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size - else: - # HTTP/1.x path - return len(self._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size + """Check if internal buffer is full (HTTP/2 only).""" + if self.reader and hasattr(self.reader, '_buffer'): + return len(self.reader._buffer) > self._max_buffer_size return False def _pause_reading(self): @@ -518,33 +459,6 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): except (AttributeError, RuntimeError): pass - async def _wait_for_data(self): - """Wait for data to arrive in the buffer. - - Returns True if data is available, False if connection closed. - """ - if self._buffer: - return True - if self._closed: - return False - if self._data_event is None: - return False - - self._data_event.clear() - await self._data_event.wait() - return bool(self._buffer) and not self._closed - - def _consume_buffer(self, n): - """Consume up to n bytes from buffer, returns bytes consumed.""" - if n >= len(self._buffer): - data = bytes(self._buffer) - self._buffer.clear() - return data - else: - data = bytes(self._buffer[:n]) - del self._buffer[:n] - return data - def _arm_keepalive_timer(self): """Arm keepalive timeout timer after response completion.""" if self._keepalive_handle: @@ -639,125 +553,34 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): pass async def _handle_connection(self): - """Main request handling loop for this connection.""" - try: - peername = self.transport.get_extra_info('peername') - sockname = self.transport.get_extra_info('sockname') + """Main request handling loop using callback-based parser. - # Check protocol type - use old path for uWSGI - protocol_type = getattr(self.cfg, 'protocol', 'http') - if protocol_type == 'uwsgi': - await self._handle_connection_uwsgi(peername, sockname) - return - - # Fast path: use HttpParser for HTTP protocol - await self._handle_connection_fast(peername, sockname) - - except asyncio.CancelledError: - pass - except Exception as e: - self.log.exception("Error handling connection: %s", e) - finally: - self._close_transport() - - async def _handle_connection_fast(self, peername, sockname): - """Fast HTTP connection handling using HttpParser.""" - # Check if peer is trusted proxy once per connection - is_trusted = _check_trusted_proxy( - peername, - self.cfg.forwarded_allow_ips, - self.cfg.forwarded_allow_networks() - ) - - # Get SSL state - ssl_object = self.transport.get_extra_info('ssl_object') - is_ssl = ssl_object is not None - - # Create parser and buffer - parser = HttpParser( - self.cfg, peername, is_ssl=is_ssl, - req_number=1, is_trusted_proxy=is_trusted - ) - buffer = bytearray() - - while not self._closed: - self.req_count += 1 - - # Cancel keepalive timer when new request starts - self._cancel_keepalive_timer() - - try: - # Parse request using fast parser - request = await self._parse_request_fast( - parser, buffer, peername - ) - except NoMoreData: - # Client disconnected - break - - # Check for WebSocket upgrade - if self._is_websocket_upgrade(request): - await self._handle_websocket(request, sockname, peername) - break # WebSocket takes over the connection - - # Handle HTTP request - keepalive = await self._handle_http_request( - request, sockname, peername - ) - - # Increment worker request count - self.worker.nr += 1 - - # Check max_requests - if self.worker.nr >= self.worker.max_requests: - self.log.info("Autorestarting worker after current request.") - self.worker.alive = False - keepalive = False - - if not keepalive or not self.worker.alive: - break - - # Check connection limits for keepalive - if not self.cfg.keepalive: - break - - # Drain any unread body before next request - await request.drain_body() - - # Resume reading if paused during body consumption - self._resume_reading() - - # Reset parser for next request (keep trusted proxy check) - parser.reset() - - # Arm keepalive timer between requests - self._arm_keepalive_timer() - - async def _handle_connection_callback(self): - """Handle HTTP connection using callback-based parser. - - This mode uses synchronous parsing in data_received(), avoiding - the async overhead of the pull-based parsing loop. The parser - fires callbacks when headers and body data are available, and - the main loop waits on events rather than actively parsing. + Uses synchronous parsing in data_received(), avoiding the async + overhead of pull-based parsing. The parser fires callbacks when + headers and body data are available, and this loop waits on + events rather than actively parsing. """ try: peername = self.transport.get_extra_info('peername') sockname = self.transport.get_extra_info('sockname') + # Check protocol type - use separate path for uWSGI + protocol_type = getattr(self.cfg, 'protocol', 'http') + if protocol_type == 'uwsgi': + await self._handle_connection_uwsgi(peername, sockname) + return + while not self._closed: self.req_count += 1 self._cancel_keepalive_timer() - # Wait for headers to be parsed (callback sets this event) - self._request_ready.clear() - self._current_request = None - - # Wait for request or timeout/disconnect - try: - await self._request_ready.wait() - except asyncio.CancelledError: - break + # Wait for headers to be parsed (callback sets the event and _current_request) + # Don't clear if request already arrived (data_received ran before us) + if not self._request_ready.is_set(): + try: + await self._request_ready.wait() + except asyncio.CancelledError: + break if self._closed or self._current_request is None: break @@ -797,9 +620,10 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if self._callback_parser: self._callback_parser.reset() - # Clear request state + # Clear request state for next iteration self._current_request = None self._body_receiver = None + self._request_ready.clear() # Arm keepalive timer between requests self._arm_keepalive_timer() @@ -811,53 +635,6 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): finally: self._close_transport() - async def _parse_request_fast(self, parser, buffer, peername): - """Parse request using fast HttpParser with direct buffering. - - Returns a FastAsyncRequest wrapping the ParseResult. - Uses protocol's direct buffer instead of StreamReader for speed. - """ - # Use protocol's direct buffer (self._buffer) instead of local buffer - # The local 'buffer' param is kept for parser state - - # Create buffer reader for body reading (wraps protocol buffer) - buffer_reader = BufferReader(self) - - # Read data until we have complete headers - while True: - # Sync buffer with protocol buffer - if self._buffer: - buffer.extend(self._buffer) - self._buffer.clear() - - # Try to parse current buffer - if buffer: - try: - result = parser.feed(buffer) - if result is not None: - # Headers complete - create request wrapper - # Remaining data after headers stays in local buffer - # then gets copied to protocol buffer for body reading - request = FastAsyncRequest( - result, buffer_reader, buffer, result.consumed - ) - # Clear consumed data from buffer - del buffer[:result.consumed] - # Move remaining to protocol buffer for body reading - if buffer: - self._buffer.extend(buffer) - buffer.clear() - return request - except Exception as e: - # Re-raise HTTP parsing errors - if 'incomplete' not in str(e).lower(): - raise - - # Need more data - wait for it - if not await self._wait_for_data(): - raise NoMoreData(bytes(buffer)) - # Data is now in self._buffer, loop will sync it - async def _handle_connection_uwsgi(self, peername, sockname): """Handle uWSGI protocol connections (legacy path).""" unreader = AsyncUnreader(self.reader) diff --git a/gunicorn/config.py b/gunicorn/config.py index 4403e9cb..997a9830 100644 --- a/gunicorn/config.py +++ b/gunicorn/config.py @@ -2775,14 +2775,14 @@ def validate_asgi_lifespan(val): def validate_http_parser(val): """Validate http_parser setting. - Accepts: auto, fast, python, callback, fast-callback + Accepts: auto, fast, python """ if val is None: return "auto" if not isinstance(val, str): raise TypeError("http_parser must be a string") val = val.lower().strip() - valid_values = ("auto", "fast", "python", "callback", "fast-callback") + valid_values = ("auto", "fast", "python") if val not in valid_values: raise ValueError("http_parser must be one of: %s" % ", ".join(valid_values)) return val @@ -2869,20 +2869,17 @@ class HttpParser(Setting): validator = validate_http_parser default = "auto" desc = """\ - HTTP parser implementation. + HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. - Pull-based parsers (used in request handling loop): - - auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) - - fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) - - python: Force pure Python parser + - auto: Use H1CProtocol if gunicorn_h1c is available, else PythonProtocol (default) + - fast: Require H1CProtocol from gunicorn_h1c (fail if unavailable) + - python: Force pure Python PythonProtocol parser - Callback-based parsers (parsing in data_received, lower overhead): - - callback: Use callback parser (H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol) - - fast-callback: Require H1CProtocol callback parser (fail if unavailable) + ASGI workers use callback-based parsing in data_received() for efficient + incremental parsing. The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly + faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. - The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly faster HTTP - parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it - with: pip install gunicorn[fast] + Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] .. versionadded:: 25.0.0 """ From 8ad49b8df3d12cb60e565b9cfdc75e5a9864a37b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 08:09:35 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 14/29] Update settings.md for simplified http_parser options --- docs/content/reference/settings.md | 16 +++++++++------- 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/content/reference/settings.md b/docs/content/reference/settings.md index 984329ed..84ddd16c 100644 --- a/docs/content/reference/settings.md +++ b/docs/content/reference/settings.md @@ -1978,14 +1978,16 @@ This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. **Default:** `'auto'` -HTTP parser implementation. +HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. -- auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available, otherwise pure Python (default) -- fast: Require gunicorn_h1c C extension (fail if unavailable) -- python: Force pure Python parser +- auto: Use H1CProtocol if gunicorn_h1c is available, else PythonProtocol (default) +- fast: Require H1CProtocol from gunicorn_h1c (fail if unavailable) +- python: Force pure Python PythonProtocol parser -The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly faster HTTP -parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it -with: pip install gunicorn[fast] +ASGI workers use callback-based parsing in data_received() for efficient +incremental parsing. The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly +faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. + +Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] !!! info "Added in 25.0.0" From 86c0baf933e1467c43a339a5e67d210063e93049 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 09:00:48 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 15/29] Fix lint issues in ASGI parser and protocol --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 1 - gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 52 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index 8c1bdbfe..088a06fb 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ or the pure Python PythonProtocol fallback. class ParseError(Exception): """Error raised during HTTP parsing.""" - pass class PythonProtocol: diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index ed320a32..a3d15e39 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ class FlowControl: def _get_cached_date_header(): """Get cached Date header, updating once per second.""" global _cached_date_header, _cached_date_time # pylint: disable=global-statement - import time now = time.time() if now - _cached_date_time >= 1.0: # Update date header @@ -199,7 +198,7 @@ class BodyReceiver: if self._waiter is not None and not self._waiter.done(): self._waiter.set_result(None) - async def receive(self): + async def receive(self): # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements """ASGI receive callable - returns body chunks or disconnect.""" # Already disconnected or body finished if self._closed or self._body_finished: @@ -207,11 +206,7 @@ class BodyReceiver: # Fast path: chunk already available if self._chunks: - chunk = self._chunks.pop(0) - more = bool(self._chunks) or not self._complete - if not more: - self._body_finished = True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": more} + return self._pop_chunk() # Body complete with no more chunks if self._complete: @@ -232,28 +227,33 @@ class BodyReceiver: # Wait for body chunk to arrive via callback try: await self._wait_for_data() - - # Check what arrived - if self._closed: - return {"type": "http.disconnect"} - - if self._chunks: - chunk = self._chunks.pop(0) - more = bool(self._chunks) or not self._complete - if not more: - self._body_finished = True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": more} - - if self._complete: - self._body_finished = True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} - - # Timeout or other condition - return empty with more_body=True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": True} - + return self._build_receive_result() except asyncio.CancelledError: return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + def _pop_chunk(self): + """Pop a chunk and return the appropriate message.""" + chunk = self._chunks.pop(0) + more = bool(self._chunks) or not self._complete + if not more: + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": chunk, "more_body": more} + + def _build_receive_result(self): + """Build receive result after waiting for data.""" + if self._closed: + return {"type": "http.disconnect"} + + if self._chunks: + return self._pop_chunk() + + if self._complete: + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} + + # Timeout or other condition - return empty with more_body=True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": True} + async def _wait_for_data(self): """Wait for body data to arrive via callback.""" if self._chunks or self._complete or self._closed: From f308e7abfa9343b6ba8edadb912a67bc877bd044 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 09:23:47 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 16/29] Add parametrized tests for ASGI callback parsers Add test suite that exercises both PythonProtocol and H1CProtocol implementations with identical test cases using pytest parametrization. Tests cover request line parsing, headers, body handling (Content-Length and chunked), connection handling, parser reset, and callback behavior. --- tests/conftest.py | 10 + tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py | 431 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 441 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py index 46046918..85fda072 100644 --- a/tests/conftest.py +++ b/tests/conftest.py @@ -7,8 +7,18 @@ import os import sys +import pytest + # Add the tests directory to sys.path so test support modules can be imported # as 'tests.module_name' (e.g., 'tests.support_dirty_apps:CounterApp') tests_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) if tests_dir not in sys.path: sys.path.insert(0, tests_dir) + + +@pytest.fixture(params=["python", "fast"]) +def http_parser(request): + """Parametrize tests over ASGI http_parser implementations.""" + if request.param == "fast": + pytest.importorskip("gunicorn_h1c", reason="gunicorn_h1c required") + return request.param diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py b/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9e034759 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py @@ -0,0 +1,431 @@ +# +# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. +# See the NOTICE for more information. + +"""Tests for ASGI callback parsers. + +Tests both PythonProtocol and H1CProtocol (if available) to ensure +consistent behavior across implementations. +""" + +from gunicorn.asgi.parser import PythonProtocol + + +def get_parser_class(http_parser): + """Get the appropriate parser class for the test parameter.""" + if http_parser == "fast": + from gunicorn_h1c import H1CProtocol + return H1CProtocol + return PythonProtocol + + +def normalize_headers(headers): + """Normalize headers to lowercase names for comparison. + + H1CProtocol preserves original case, PythonProtocol lowercases. + """ + return {name.lower(): value for name, value in headers} + + +class TestRequestLineParsing: + """Test request line parsing for both implementations.""" + + def test_simple_get(self, http_parser): + """Parse a simple GET request.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + events = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_message_begin=lambda: events.append('begin'), + on_url=lambda url: events.append(('url', url)), + on_headers_complete=lambda: events.append('headers_complete'), + on_message_complete=lambda: events.append('complete'), + ) + + parser.feed(b"GET /path HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.method == b"GET" + assert parser.path == b"/path" + assert parser.http_version == (1, 1) + assert parser.is_complete + assert 'begin' in events + assert ('url', b'/path') in events + assert 'complete' in events + + def test_post_with_query(self, http_parser): + """Parse a POST request with query string.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed(b"POST /api/data?foo=bar&baz=qux HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.method == b"POST" + assert parser.path == b"/api/data?foo=bar&baz=qux" + assert parser.http_version == (1, 1) + assert parser.is_complete + + def test_http_10_version(self, http_parser): + """Parse HTTP/1.0 request.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n") + + assert parser.method == b"GET" + assert parser.http_version == (1, 0) + assert parser.is_complete + + def test_various_methods(self, http_parser): + """Test parsing various HTTP methods.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + methods = [b"GET", b"POST", b"PUT", b"DELETE", b"PATCH", b"HEAD", b"OPTIONS"] + + for method in methods: + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed(method + b" / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.method == method + + +class TestHeaderParsing: + """Test header parsing for both implementations.""" + + def test_single_header(self, http_parser): + """Parse a request with single header.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + headers = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_header=lambda n, v: headers.append((n, v)), + ) + parser.feed(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: localhost\r\n\r\n") + + assert len(parser.headers) == 1 + header_dict = normalize_headers(parser.headers) + assert header_dict[b"host"] == b"localhost" + callback_dict = normalize_headers(headers) + assert callback_dict[b"host"] == b"localhost" + + def test_multiple_headers(self, http_parser): + """Parse a request with multiple headers.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"User-Agent: TestClient\r\n" + b"Accept: */*\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert len(parser.headers) == 3 + header_dict = normalize_headers(parser.headers) + assert header_dict[b"host"] == b"localhost" + assert header_dict[b"user-agent"] == b"TestClient" + assert header_dict[b"accept"] == b"*/*" + + def test_header_with_spaces(self, http_parser): + """Parse headers with leading/trailing spaces in values.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost \r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + header_dict = normalize_headers(parser.headers) + assert header_dict[b"host"] == b"localhost" + + def test_empty_header_value(self, http_parser): + """Parse header with empty value.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"X-Empty:\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + header_dict = normalize_headers(parser.headers) + assert header_dict[b"x-empty"] == b"" + + def test_large_header_value(self, http_parser): + """Parse header with large value.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + large_value = b"x" * 4096 + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"X-Large: " + large_value + b"\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + header_dict = normalize_headers(parser.headers) + assert header_dict[b"x-large"] == large_value + + +class TestBodyHandling: + """Test body parsing for both implementations.""" + + def test_content_length_body(self, http_parser): + """Parse request with Content-Length body.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + parser.feed( + b"POST /data HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 13\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"Hello, World!" + ) + + assert parser.content_length == 13 + assert not parser.is_chunked + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"Hello, World!" + assert parser.is_complete + + def test_content_length_incremental(self, http_parser): + """Parse body arriving in multiple chunks.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + # Send headers + parser.feed( + b"POST /data HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 10\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + assert not parser.is_complete + + # Send body in parts + parser.feed(b"Hello") + assert not parser.is_complete + parser.feed(b"World") + assert parser.is_complete + + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"HelloWorld" + + def test_chunked_encoding(self, http_parser): + """Parse chunked transfer-encoded body.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + parser.feed( + b"POST /data HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"5\r\n" + b"Hello\r\n" + b"6\r\n" + b"World!\r\n" + b"0\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.is_chunked + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"HelloWorld!" + assert parser.is_complete + + def test_chunked_with_extensions(self, http_parser): + """Parse chunked body with chunk extensions.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + parser.feed( + b"POST /data HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"5;ext=value\r\n" + b"Hello\r\n" + b"0\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert b"".join(body_chunks) == b"Hello" + assert parser.is_complete + + def test_no_body_get(self, http_parser): + """GET request has no body.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.content_length is None + assert not parser.is_chunked + assert body_chunks == [] + assert parser.is_complete + + +class TestConnectionHandling: + """Test connection handling and keep-alive for both implementations.""" + + def test_http11_keepalive_default(self, http_parser): + """HTTP/1.1 defaults to keep-alive.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is True + + def test_http11_connection_close(self, http_parser): + """HTTP/1.1 with Connection: close.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Connection: close\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is False + + def test_http10_no_keepalive(self, http_parser): + """HTTP/1.0 defaults to no keep-alive.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is False + + def test_http10_with_keepalive(self, http_parser): + """HTTP/1.0 with Connection: keep-alive.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + + parser = parser_class() + parser.feed( + b"GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Connection: keep-alive\r\n" + b"\r\n" + ) + + assert parser.should_keep_alive is True + + +class TestParserReset: + """Test parser reset for keep-alive connections.""" + + def test_reset_after_request(self, http_parser): + """Parser can be reset for a new request.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + complete_count = [0] + + parser = parser_class( + on_message_complete=lambda: complete_count.__setitem__(0, complete_count[0] + 1), + ) + + # First request + parser.feed(b"GET /first HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.path == b"/first" + assert parser.is_complete + + # Reset and send second request + parser.reset() + assert not parser.is_complete + # H1CProtocol resets to b'', PythonProtocol to None + assert not parser.method + + parser.feed(b"GET /second HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n") + assert parser.path == b"/second" + assert parser.is_complete + + assert complete_count[0] == 2 + + +class TestCallbackBehavior: + """Test callback behavior consistency.""" + + def test_all_callbacks_fire(self, http_parser): + """All callbacks fire in correct order.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + events = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_message_begin=lambda: events.append('begin'), + on_url=lambda url: events.append(('url', url)), + on_header=lambda n, v: events.append(('header', n.lower(), v)), + on_headers_complete=lambda: events.append('headers_complete'), + on_body=lambda chunk: events.append(('body', chunk)), + on_message_complete=lambda: events.append('complete'), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 4\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"test" + ) + + assert events[0] == 'begin' + assert events[1] == ('url', b'/') + assert ('header', b'host', b'localhost') in events + assert ('header', b'content-length', b'4') in events + assert 'headers_complete' in events + assert ('body', b'test') in events + assert events[-1] == 'complete' + + def test_skip_body_on_headers_complete(self, http_parser): + """Return True from on_headers_complete skips body parsing.""" + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + body_chunks = [] + + parser = parser_class( + on_headers_complete=lambda: True, # Skip body + on_body=lambda chunk: body_chunks.append(chunk), + ) + + parser.feed( + b"POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n" + b"Host: localhost\r\n" + b"Content-Length: 10\r\n" + b"\r\n" + b"0123456789" + ) + + assert parser.is_complete + assert body_chunks == [] # Body was skipped From 03cc85ef48ae6708842083dc92bb1ccb5f7a60ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 13:41:42 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 17/29] Integrate gunicorn_h1c 0.4.1 exception types and limit parameters Require gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 for fast parser mode. Add new exception types and limit parameters to PythonProtocol for parity with C parser. Update tests to parametrize across both parser implementations. --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 117 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 53 +++++++++++++-- gunicorn/http/message.py | 97 +++++++++++++++++++++------ pyproject.toml | 2 +- requirements_test.txt | 1 + tests/conftest.py | 7 +- tests/test_invalid_requests.py | 15 ++++- tests/test_valid_requests.py | 15 ++++- tests/treq.py | 14 ++-- 9 files changed, 277 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index 088a06fb..000a41a6 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -11,7 +11,31 @@ or the pure Python PythonProtocol fallback. class ParseError(Exception): - """Error raised during HTTP parsing.""" + """Base error raised during HTTP parsing.""" + + +class LimitRequestLine(ParseError): + """Request line exceeds configured limit.""" + + +class LimitRequestHeaders(ParseError): + """Too many headers or header field too large.""" + + +class InvalidRequestMethod(ParseError): + """Invalid HTTP method.""" + + +class InvalidHTTPVersion(ParseError): + """Invalid HTTP version.""" + + +class InvalidHeaderName(ParseError): + """Invalid header name.""" + + +class InvalidHeader(ParseError): + """Invalid header value.""" class PythonProtocol: @@ -37,6 +61,9 @@ class PythonProtocol: 'content_length', 'is_chunked', 'should_keep_alive', 'is_complete', '_body_remaining', '_skip_body', '_chunk_state', '_chunk_size', '_chunk_remaining', + '_limit_request_line', '_limit_request_fields', '_limit_request_field_size', + '_permit_unconventional_http_method', '_permit_unconventional_http_version', + '_header_count', ) def __init__( @@ -47,6 +74,11 @@ class PythonProtocol: on_headers_complete=None, on_body=None, on_message_complete=None, + limit_request_line=8190, + limit_request_fields=100, + limit_request_field_size=8190, + permit_unconventional_http_method=False, + permit_unconventional_http_version=False, ): self._on_message_begin = on_message_begin self._on_url = on_url @@ -55,6 +87,14 @@ class PythonProtocol: self._on_body = on_body self._on_message_complete = on_message_complete + # Store limits + self._limit_request_line = limit_request_line + self._limit_request_fields = limit_request_fields + self._limit_request_field_size = limit_request_field_size + self._permit_unconventional_http_method = permit_unconventional_http_method + self._permit_unconventional_http_version = permit_unconventional_http_version + self._header_count = 0 + # Parser state: request_line, headers, body, chunked_size, chunked_data, complete self._state = 'request_line' self._buffer = bytearray() @@ -124,6 +164,7 @@ class PythonProtocol: self._chunk_state = 'size' self._chunk_size = 0 self._chunk_remaining = 0 + self._header_count = 0 def _parse_request_line(self): """Parse request line, return True if complete.""" @@ -131,6 +172,10 @@ class PythonProtocol: if idx == -1: return False + # Check request line length limit + if self._limit_request_line > 0 and idx > self._limit_request_line: + raise LimitRequestLine("Request line is too large") + line = bytes(self._buffer[:idx]) del self._buffer[:idx + 2] @@ -142,6 +187,11 @@ class PythonProtocol: self.method = parts[0] self.path = parts[1] + # Validate method + if not self._permit_unconventional_http_method: + if not self._is_valid_method(self.method): + raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method.decode('latin-1')) + # Parse version version = parts[2] if version == b'HTTP/1.1': @@ -149,7 +199,17 @@ class PythonProtocol: elif version == b'HTTP/1.0': self.http_version = (1, 0) else: - raise ParseError("Unsupported HTTP version") + if not self._permit_unconventional_http_version: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(version.decode('latin-1')) + # Try to parse other HTTP/1.x versions if permitted + if version.startswith(b'HTTP/1.'): + try: + minor = int(version[7:]) + self.http_version = (1, minor) + except ValueError: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(version.decode('latin-1')) + else: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(version.decode('latin-1')) if self._on_message_begin: self._on_message_begin() @@ -174,18 +234,34 @@ class PythonProtocol: self._finalize_headers() return True + # Check header field size limit + if self._limit_request_field_size > 0 and len(line) > self._limit_request_field_size: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("Request header field is too large") + + # Check header count limit + self._header_count += 1 + if self._limit_request_fields > 0 and self._header_count > self._limit_request_fields: + raise LimitRequestHeaders("Too many headers") + # Parse header colon = line.find(b':') if colon == -1: - raise ParseError("Invalid header") + raise InvalidHeader("Missing colon in header") + + name = line[:colon].strip() + if not self._is_valid_token(name): + raise InvalidHeaderName(name.decode('latin-1')) - name = line[:colon].strip().lower() value = line[colon + 1:].strip() + if self._has_invalid_header_chars(value): + raise InvalidHeader("Invalid characters in header value") - self._headers_list.append((name, value)) + # Store lowercase name for internal use + name_lower = name.lower() + self._headers_list.append((name_lower, value)) if self._on_header: - self._on_header(name, value) + self._on_header(name_lower, value) def _finalize_headers(self): """Called when all headers received.""" @@ -329,6 +405,35 @@ class PythonProtocol: return False + def _is_valid_method(self, method): + """Check if method is valid token with conventional restrictions.""" + if not method: + return False + # Check length (3-20 chars) + if not 3 <= len(method) <= 20: + return False + # Check for lowercase or # (unconventional) + for c in method: + if c in b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz#': + return False + return self._is_valid_token(method) + + def _is_valid_token(self, data): + """Check if data contains only RFC 9110 token characters.""" + if not data: + return False + for c in data: + if c < 0x21 or c > 0x7e: + return False + # RFC 9110 delimiters: "(),/:;<=>?@[\]{} + if c in b'"(),/:;<=>?@[\\]{}"': + return False + return True + + def _has_invalid_header_chars(self, value): + """Check for NUL, CR, LF in header value.""" + return b'\x00' in value or b'\r' in value or b'\n' in value + class CallbackRequest: """Request object built from callback parser state. diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index a3d15e39..0e29038e 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ import time from gunicorn.asgi.unreader import AsyncUnreader from gunicorn.asgi.parser import ( - PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError + PythonProtocol, CallbackRequest, ParseError, + LimitRequestLine, LimitRequestHeaders ) from gunicorn.asgi.uwsgi import AsyncUWSGIRequest from gunicorn.http.errors import NoMoreData @@ -283,6 +284,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Class-level cache for H1CProtocol availability _h1c_available = None _h1c_protocol_class = None + _h1c_has_limits = False # True if >= 0.4.1 (has limit parameters) def __init__(self, worker): self.worker = worker @@ -354,40 +356,73 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """Check if H1CProtocol is available (cached at class level).""" if cls._h1c_available is None: try: + import gunicorn_h1c from gunicorn_h1c import H1CProtocol cls._h1c_available = True cls._h1c_protocol_class = H1CProtocol + # Require >= 0.4.1 for limit enforcement + cls._h1c_has_limits = hasattr(gunicorn_h1c, 'LimitRequestLine') except ImportError: cls._h1c_available = False + cls._h1c_has_limits = False return cls._h1c_available + # Compatibility flags not supported by the fast parser + _FAST_PARSER_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS = ( + 'permit_obsolete_folding', + 'strip_header_spaces', + ) + def _setup_callback_parser(self): """Create callback parser based on http_parser setting. Parser selection: - - auto: Use H1CProtocol if available, else PythonProtocol - - fast: Require H1CProtocol (error if unavailable) + - auto: Use H1CProtocol if available (>= 0.4.1) and no incompatible flags, else PythonProtocol + - fast: Require H1CProtocol >= 0.4.1 (error if unavailable or incompatible flags) - python: Use PythonProtocol only """ parser_setting = getattr(self.cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') + # Check for incompatible compatibility flags + incompatible = [] + for flag in self._FAST_PARSER_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS: + if getattr(self.cfg, flag, False): + incompatible.append(flag) + if parser_setting == 'python': parser_class = PythonProtocol elif parser_setting == 'fast': if not self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c required for http_parser='fast'") + if not ASGIProtocol._h1c_has_limits: + raise RuntimeError( + "gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 required for http_parser='fast'. " + "Please upgrade: pip install --upgrade gunicorn_h1c" + ) + if incompatible: + raise RuntimeError( + "http_parser='fast' is incompatible with compatibility flags: %s. " + "Use http_parser='python' or disable these flags." + % ', '.join(incompatible) + ) parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class else: # auto - if self._check_h1c_protocol_available(): + if (self._check_h1c_protocol_available() and + ASGIProtocol._h1c_has_limits and not incompatible): parser_class = ASGIProtocol._h1c_protocol_class else: parser_class = PythonProtocol - # Create parser with callbacks + # Create parser with callbacks and limit parameters (both parsers support them) self._callback_parser = parser_class( on_headers_complete=self._on_headers_complete, on_body=self._on_body, on_message_complete=self._on_message_complete, + limit_request_line=self.cfg.limit_request_line, + limit_request_fields=self.cfg.limit_request_fields, + limit_request_field_size=self.cfg.limit_request_field_size, + permit_unconventional_http_method=self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method, + permit_unconventional_http_version=self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version, ) def _on_headers_complete(self): @@ -426,6 +461,14 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # HTTP/1.x path - feed directly to callback parser try: self._callback_parser.feed(data) + except LimitRequestLine as e: + self._send_error_response(414, str(e)) # URI Too Long + self._close_transport() + return + except LimitRequestHeaders as e: + self._send_error_response(431, str(e)) # Request Header Fields Too Large + self._close_transport() + return except ParseError as e: self._send_error_response(400, str(e)) self._close_transport() diff --git a/gunicorn/http/message.py b/gunicorn/http/message.py index d9050ddf..5c6df5eb 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http/message.py +++ b/gunicorn/http/message.py @@ -25,9 +25,27 @@ from gunicorn.util import bytes_to_str, split_request_uri _fast_parser_available = None _fast_parser_module = None +# Compatibility flags not supported by the fast parser +_FAST_PARSER_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS = ( + 'permit_obsolete_folding', + 'strip_header_spaces', +) + def _check_fast_parser(cfg): - """Check if fast C parser is available and should be used.""" + """Check if fast C parser is available and should be used. + + Returns False if: + - http_parser='python' is explicitly set + - gunicorn_h1c is not installed (in 'auto' mode) + - gunicorn_h1c < 0.4.1 (in 'auto' mode) + - Incompatible compatibility flags are enabled (in 'auto' mode) + + Raises RuntimeError if: + - http_parser='fast' but gunicorn_h1c is not installed + - http_parser='fast' but gunicorn_h1c < 0.4.1 + - http_parser='fast' but incompatible flags are enabled + """ global _fast_parser_available, _fast_parser_module # pylint: disable=global-statement parser_setting = getattr(cfg, 'http_parser', 'auto') @@ -45,7 +63,36 @@ def _check_fast_parser(cfg): if not _fast_parser_available and parser_setting == 'fast': raise RuntimeError("gunicorn_h1c not installed but http_parser='fast'") - return _fast_parser_available + if not _fast_parser_available: + return False + + # Require >= 0.4.1 for limit enforcement + if not hasattr(_fast_parser_module, 'LimitRequestLine'): + if parser_setting == 'fast': + raise RuntimeError( + "gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 required for http_parser='fast'. " + "Please upgrade: pip install --upgrade gunicorn_h1c" + ) + # In 'auto' mode, fall back to Python parser + return False + + # Check for incompatible compatibility flags + incompatible = [] + for flag in _FAST_PARSER_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS: + if getattr(cfg, flag, False): + incompatible.append(flag) + + if incompatible: + if parser_setting == 'fast': + raise RuntimeError( + "http_parser='fast' is incompatible with compatibility flags: %s. " + "Use http_parser='python' or disable these flags." + % ', '.join(incompatible) + ) + # In 'auto' mode, fall back to Python parser + return False + + return True # PROXY protocol v2 constants @@ -378,14 +425,23 @@ class Request(Message): return self._parse_python(unreader, buf) def _parse_fast(self, unreader, buf): - """Parse request using fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c).""" + """Parse request using fast C parser (gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1).""" # Read until we have complete headers data = bytes(buf) last_len = 0 while True: try: - result = _fast_parser_module.parse_request(data, last_len=last_len) + # Pass all limit parameters (guaranteed >= 0.4.1) + result = _fast_parser_module.parse_request( + data, + last_len=last_len, + limit_request_line=self.limit_request_line, + limit_request_fields=self.limit_request_fields, + limit_request_field_size=self.limit_request_field_size, + permit_unconventional_http_method=self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method, + permit_unconventional_http_version=self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version, + ) break except _fast_parser_module.IncompleteError: last_len = len(data) @@ -393,6 +449,18 @@ class Request(Message): data = bytes(buf) if len(data) > self.max_buffer_headers + self.limit_request_line: raise LimitRequestHeaders("max buffer headers") + except _fast_parser_module.LimitRequestLine as e: + raise LimitRequestLine(str(e)) + except _fast_parser_module.LimitRequestHeaders as e: + raise LimitRequestHeaders(str(e)) + except _fast_parser_module.InvalidRequestMethod as e: + raise InvalidRequestMethod(str(e)) + except _fast_parser_module.InvalidHTTPVersion as e: + raise InvalidHTTPVersion(str(e)) + except _fast_parser_module.InvalidHeaderName as e: + raise InvalidHeaderName(str(e)) + except _fast_parser_module.InvalidHeader as e: + raise InvalidHeader(str(e)) except _fast_parser_module.ParseError as e: raise InvalidRequestLine(str(e)) @@ -400,14 +468,7 @@ class Request(Message): self.method = bytes_to_str(result['method']) self.uri = bytes_to_str(result['path']) - # Validate method - if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_method: - if METHOD_BADCHAR_RE.search(self.method): - raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) - if not 3 <= len(self.method) <= 20: - raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) - if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(self.method): - raise InvalidRequestMethod(self.method) + # Casefold method if configured (validation done by C parser) if self.cfg.casefold_http_method: self.method = self.method.upper() @@ -422,24 +483,18 @@ class Request(Message): self.query = parts.query or "" self.fragment = parts.fragment or "" - # Version + # Version (validation done by C parser) self.version = (1, result['minor_version']) - if not (1, 0) <= self.version < (2, 0): - if not self.cfg.permit_unconventional_http_version: - raise InvalidHTTPVersion(self.version) # Headers - convert bytes to strings with uppercase names # gunicorn_h1c returns headers as (bytes, bytes) tuples + # Header name/value validation done by C parser self.headers = [] for name_bytes, value_bytes in result['headers']: name = bytes_to_str(name_bytes).upper() value = bytes_to_str(value_bytes) - # Validate header name - if not TOKEN_RE.fullmatch(name): - raise InvalidHeaderName(name) - - # Handle underscore in header names + # Handle underscore in header names (policy decision, not validation) if "_" in name: forwarder_headers = self.cfg.forwarder_headers if name in forwarder_headers or "*" in forwarder_headers: diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml index 6b8bc002..2532c830 100644 --- a/pyproject.toml +++ b/pyproject.toml @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ tornado = ["tornado>=6.5.0"] gthread = [] setproctitle = ["setproctitle"] http2 = ["h2>=4.1.0"] -fast = ["gunicorn_h1c>=0.2.0"] +fast = ["gunicorn_h1c>=0.4.1"] testing = [ "gevent>=24.10.1", "eventlet>=0.40.3", diff --git a/requirements_test.txt b/requirements_test.txt index efa91f20..4f98848f 100644 --- a/requirements_test.txt +++ b/requirements_test.txt @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ coverage pytest>=7.2.0 pytest-cov pytest-asyncio +gunicorn_h1c>=0.4.1 diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py index 85fda072..56509c95 100644 --- a/tests/conftest.py +++ b/tests/conftest.py @@ -18,7 +18,10 @@ if tests_dir not in sys.path: @pytest.fixture(params=["python", "fast"]) def http_parser(request): - """Parametrize tests over ASGI http_parser implementations.""" + """Parametrize tests over http_parser implementations.""" if request.param == "fast": - pytest.importorskip("gunicorn_h1c", reason="gunicorn_h1c required") + gunicorn_h1c = pytest.importorskip("gunicorn_h1c", reason="gunicorn_h1c required") + # Require >= 0.4.1 for limit enforcement + if not hasattr(gunicorn_h1c, 'LimitRequestLine'): + pytest.skip("gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 required") return request.param diff --git a/tests/test_invalid_requests.py b/tests/test_invalid_requests.py index 63224d07..65119dc1 100644 --- a/tests/test_invalid_requests.py +++ b/tests/test_invalid_requests.py @@ -13,13 +13,24 @@ dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__) reqdir = os.path.join(dirname, "requests", "invalid") httpfiles = glob.glob(os.path.join(reqdir, "*.http")) +# Flags incompatible with fast parser +_FAST_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS = ('permit_obsolete_folding', 'strip_header_spaces') + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fname", httpfiles) -def test_http_parser(fname): - env = treq.load_py(os.path.splitext(fname)[0] + ".py") +def test_http_parser(fname, http_parser): + """Test invalid HTTP requests with both parser implementations.""" + env = treq.load_py(os.path.splitext(fname)[0] + ".py", http_parser=http_parser) expect = env["request"] cfg = env["cfg"] + + # Skip fast parser tests that use incompatible compatibility flags + if http_parser == 'fast': + for flag in _FAST_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS: + if getattr(cfg, flag, False): + pytest.skip(f"fast parser incompatible with {flag}") + req = treq.badrequest(fname) with pytest.raises(expect): diff --git a/tests/test_valid_requests.py b/tests/test_valid_requests.py index 2c71622c..6bfa2229 100644 --- a/tests/test_valid_requests.py +++ b/tests/test_valid_requests.py @@ -13,13 +13,24 @@ dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__) reqdir = os.path.join(dirname, "requests", "valid") httpfiles = glob.glob(os.path.join(reqdir, "*.http")) +# Flags incompatible with fast parser +_FAST_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS = ('permit_obsolete_folding', 'strip_header_spaces') + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fname", httpfiles) -def test_http_parser(fname): - env = treq.load_py(os.path.splitext(fname)[0] + ".py") +def test_http_parser(fname, http_parser): + """Test valid HTTP requests with both parser implementations.""" + env = treq.load_py(os.path.splitext(fname)[0] + ".py", http_parser=http_parser) expect = env['request'] cfg = env['cfg'] + + # Skip fast parser tests that use incompatible compatibility flags + if http_parser == 'fast': + for flag in _FAST_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS: + if getattr(cfg, flag, False): + pytest.skip(f"fast parser incompatible with {flag}") + req = treq.request(fname, expect) for case in req.gen_cases(cfg): diff --git a/tests/treq.py b/tests/treq.py index ce5a4901..15148809 100644 --- a/tests/treq.py +++ b/tests/treq.py @@ -33,22 +33,26 @@ def uri(data): return ret -def load_py(fname): +def load_py(fname, http_parser='python'): + """Load test configuration from Python file. + + Args: + fname: Path to the .py configuration file + http_parser: Parser to use - 'python' or 'fast' + """ module_name = '__config__' mod = types.ModuleType(module_name) setattr(mod, 'uri', uri) setattr(mod, 'cfg', Config()) loader = importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader(module_name, fname) loader.exec_module(mod) - # Use Python parser for tests to ensure consistent validation behavior - # (set after loading so test-specific configs don't override) - mod.cfg.set('http_parser', 'python') + # Set parser after loading so test-specific configs don't override + mod.cfg.set('http_parser', http_parser) return vars(mod) def decode_hex_escapes(data): """Decode hex escape sequences like \\xAB in test data.""" - import re result = bytearray() i = 0 while i < len(data): From 2bf26329448e416f7e21ad793c49c200efba2320 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 13:44:31 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 18/29] Update docs and changelog for gunicorn_h1c 0.4.1 integration --- docs/content/news.md | 8 ++++++++ docs/content/reference/settings.md | 13 ++++++------- 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/content/news.md b/docs/content/news.md index 6315a88c..51f37e0c 100644 --- a/docs/content/news.md +++ b/docs/content/news.md @@ -3,6 +3,14 @@ ## unreleased +### New Features + +- **Fast HTTP Parser (gunicorn_h1c 0.4.1)**: Integrate new exception types and limit + parameters from gunicorn_h1c 0.4.1 for both WSGI and ASGI workers + - Requires gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 for `http_parser='fast'` + - Falls back to Python parser in `auto` mode if version not met + - Proper HTTP status codes for limit errors (414, 431) + ### Performance - **ASGI HTTP Parser Optimizations**: Improve ASGI worker HTTP parsing performance diff --git a/docs/content/reference/settings.md b/docs/content/reference/settings.md index 84ddd16c..cb0adf78 100644 --- a/docs/content/reference/settings.md +++ b/docs/content/reference/settings.md @@ -1978,15 +1978,14 @@ This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. **Default:** `'auto'` -HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. +HTTP parser implementation for WSGI and ASGI workers. -- auto: Use H1CProtocol if gunicorn_h1c is available, else PythonProtocol (default) -- fast: Require H1CProtocol from gunicorn_h1c (fail if unavailable) -- python: Force pure Python PythonProtocol parser +- auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available (>= 0.4.1), else pure Python parser (default) +- fast: Require gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 (fail if unavailable) +- python: Force pure Python parser -ASGI workers use callback-based parsing in data_received() for efficient -incremental parsing. The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly -faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. +The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser +with SIMD optimizations. Requires gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 for limit enforcement. Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] From 4ce6aa1f3efcf36ad2852d079c7ee1a4838e3d1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 16:17:55 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 19/29] Fix limit handling and add default max limit tests - LimitRequestLine now accepts optional max_size parameter - Use default max limits when limit_request_line or limit_request_field_size is 0 - Add tests validating default max enforcement (8190 bytes) - Handle alternate exceptions from fast parser in test_invalid_requests --- gunicorn/http/errors.py | 4 ++- gunicorn/http/message.py | 6 ++-- .../invalid/limit_header_default_01.http | 1 + .../invalid/limit_header_default_01.py | 11 +++++++ .../invalid/limit_line_default_01.http | 1 + .../requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.py | 11 +++++++ tests/requests/valid/024.py | 5 ++-- tests/requests/valid/026.py | 2 +- tests/test_invalid_requests.py | 30 +++++++++++++++++-- 9 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.http create mode 100644 tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.py create mode 100644 tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.http create mode 100644 tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.py diff --git a/gunicorn/http/errors.py b/gunicorn/http/errors.py index 92e5431c..f3ba534e 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http/errors.py +++ b/gunicorn/http/errors.py @@ -114,11 +114,13 @@ class ChunkMissingTerminator(IOError): class LimitRequestLine(ParseException): - def __init__(self, size, max_size): + def __init__(self, size, max_size=None): self.size = size self.max_size = max_size def __str__(self): + if self.max_size is None: + return str(self.size) return "Request Line is too large (%s > %s)" % (self.size, self.max_size) diff --git a/gunicorn/http/message.py b/gunicorn/http/message.py index 5c6df5eb..f3506d5a 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http/message.py +++ b/gunicorn/http/message.py @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class Message: or self.limit_request_fields > MAX_HEADERS): self.limit_request_fields = MAX_HEADERS self.limit_request_field_size = cfg.limit_request_field_size - if self.limit_request_field_size < 0: + if self.limit_request_field_size <= 0: self.limit_request_field_size = DEFAULT_MAX_HEADERFIELD_SIZE # set max header buffer size @@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class Request(Message): # get max request line size self.limit_request_line = cfg.limit_request_line - if (self.limit_request_line < 0 + if (self.limit_request_line <= 0 or self.limit_request_line >= MAX_REQUEST_LINE): self.limit_request_line = MAX_REQUEST_LINE @@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ class Request(Message): while True: try: - # Pass all limit parameters (guaranteed >= 0.4.1) + # Pass all limit parameters to C parser result = _fast_parser_module.parse_request( data, last_len=last_len, diff --git a/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.http b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.http new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9d3d7336 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.http @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nX: yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy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\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.py b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0a8c1fcf --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_header_default_01.py @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +# +# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. +# See the NOTICE for more information. + +from gunicorn.config import Config +from gunicorn.http.errors import LimitRequestHeaders + +cfg = Config() +# Setting limit_request_field_size=0 should use default max (8190) +cfg.set('limit_request_field_size', 0) +request = LimitRequestHeaders diff --git a/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.http b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.http new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f1224938 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.http @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +GET /xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx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HTTP/1.0\r\n \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.py b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..03d666b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/requests/invalid/limit_line_default_01.py @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +# +# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. +# See the NOTICE for more information. + +from gunicorn.config import Config +from gunicorn.http.errors import LimitRequestLine + +cfg = Config() +# Setting limit_request_line=0 should use default max (8190) +cfg.set('limit_request_line', 0) +request = LimitRequestLine diff --git a/tests/requests/valid/024.py b/tests/requests/valid/024.py index 3dc8a597..bf9a2f22 100644 --- a/tests/requests/valid/024.py +++ b/tests/requests/valid/024.py @@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ from gunicorn.config import Config cfg = Config() -cfg.set('limit_request_line', 0) -cfg.set('limit_request_field_size', 0) +# Request line is 8194 bytes, header line is 8209 bytes (both include CRLF) +cfg.set('limit_request_line', 8200) +cfg.set('limit_request_field_size', 8210) request = { "method": "PUT", "uri": diff --git a/tests/requests/valid/026.py b/tests/requests/valid/026.py index a56e7ae5..30c9d7b8 100644 --- a/tests/requests/valid/026.py +++ b/tests/requests/valid/026.py @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from gunicorn.config import Config cfg = Config() -cfg.set('limit_request_line', 0) +# Header line is 8209 bytes (name + ": " + value + CRLF) cfg.set('limit_request_field_size', 8210) request = { "method": "GET", diff --git a/tests/test_invalid_requests.py b/tests/test_invalid_requests.py index 65119dc1..9ec121d7 100644 --- a/tests/test_invalid_requests.py +++ b/tests/test_invalid_requests.py @@ -7,15 +7,29 @@ import os import pytest +from gunicorn.http.errors import ( + InvalidRequestLine, + InvalidRequestMethod, + InvalidSchemeHeaders, + ObsoleteFolding, +) import treq dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__) reqdir = os.path.join(dirname, "requests", "invalid") httpfiles = glob.glob(os.path.join(reqdir, "*.http")) -# Flags incompatible with fast parser +# Flags incompatible with fast parser (require Python parser features) _FAST_INCOMPATIBLE_FLAGS = ('permit_obsolete_folding', 'strip_header_spaces') +# Exceptions that only the Python parser raises (C parser has different validation) +_PYTHON_ONLY_EXCEPTIONS = (ObsoleteFolding, InvalidSchemeHeaders) + +# C parser may raise different but valid exceptions for these cases +_FAST_PARSER_ALTERNATES = { + InvalidRequestMethod: (InvalidRequestLine,), # e.g. "GET:" raises InvalidRequestLine +} + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fname", httpfiles) def test_http_parser(fname, http_parser): @@ -31,7 +45,19 @@ def test_http_parser(fname, http_parser): if getattr(cfg, flag, False): pytest.skip(f"fast parser incompatible with {flag}") + # Skip tests expecting Python-only exceptions + if expect in _PYTHON_ONLY_EXCEPTIONS or ( + isinstance(expect, type) and issubclass(expect, _PYTHON_ONLY_EXCEPTIONS) + ): + pytest.skip(f"fast parser does not raise {expect.__name__}") + + # Determine acceptable exceptions (fast parser may raise alternates) + if http_parser == 'fast' and expect in _FAST_PARSER_ALTERNATES: + acceptable = (expect,) + _FAST_PARSER_ALTERNATES[expect] + else: + acceptable = expect + req = treq.badrequest(fname) - with pytest.raises(expect): + with pytest.raises(acceptable): req.check(cfg) From 932331d8a49622a5a1b70162eb0fd994d51d4a23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 16:23:46 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 20/29] Regenerate settings.md --- docs/content/reference/settings.md | 13 +++++++------ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/content/reference/settings.md b/docs/content/reference/settings.md index cb0adf78..84ddd16c 100644 --- a/docs/content/reference/settings.md +++ b/docs/content/reference/settings.md @@ -1978,14 +1978,15 @@ This setting only affects the ``asgi`` worker type. **Default:** `'auto'` -HTTP parser implementation for WSGI and ASGI workers. +HTTP parser implementation for ASGI workers. -- auto: Use gunicorn_h1c if available (>= 0.4.1), else pure Python parser (default) -- fast: Require gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 (fail if unavailable) -- python: Force pure Python parser +- auto: Use H1CProtocol if gunicorn_h1c is available, else PythonProtocol (default) +- fast: Require H1CProtocol from gunicorn_h1c (fail if unavailable) +- python: Force pure Python PythonProtocol parser -The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser -with SIMD optimizations. Requires gunicorn_h1c >= 0.4.1 for limit enforcement. +ASGI workers use callback-based parsing in data_received() for efficient +incremental parsing. The gunicorn_h1c C extension provides significantly +faster HTTP parsing using picohttpparser with SIMD optimizations. Install it with: pip install gunicorn[fast] From ba1aaa5e33bf3a7af8eed73b5ca5a1df05862d74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 16:35:05 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 21/29] Fix non-ASCII URL handling in ASGI worker Percent-decode path to UTF-8 and preserve raw_path as original bytes per ASGI spec. Fixes #3543 --- gunicorn/asgi/parser.py | 22 +++++--- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 6 +-- tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py | 87 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py index 000a41a6..e7432a77 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/parser.py @@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ class CallbackRequest: __slots__ = ( 'method', 'uri', 'path', 'query', 'fragment', 'version', - 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', + 'headers', 'headers_bytes', 'scheme', 'raw_path', 'content_length', 'chunked', 'must_close', 'proxy_protocol_info', '_expect_100_continue', ) @@ -458,6 +458,7 @@ class CallbackRequest: self.headers = [] self.headers_bytes = [] self.scheme = "http" + self.raw_path = b'' self.content_length = 0 self.chunked = False self.must_close = False @@ -475,20 +476,27 @@ class CallbackRequest: Returns: CallbackRequest instance """ + from urllib.parse import unquote_to_bytes + req = cls() req.method = parser.method.decode('ascii') # Parse path and query from URL - raw_path = parser.path - if b'?' in raw_path: - path_part, query_part = raw_path.split(b'?', 1) - req.path = path_part.decode('latin-1') + # Per ASGI spec: + # - path: percent-decoded UTF-8 string + # - raw_path: original bytes as received + raw_url = parser.path + if b'?' in raw_url: + path_part, query_part = raw_url.split(b'?', 1) + req.raw_path = path_part # Store original bytes + req.path = unquote_to_bytes(path_part).decode('utf-8', errors='replace') req.query = query_part.decode('latin-1') else: - req.path = raw_path.decode('latin-1') + req.raw_path = raw_url # Store original bytes + req.path = unquote_to_bytes(raw_url).decode('utf-8', errors='replace') req.query = '' - req.uri = raw_path.decode('latin-1') + req.uri = raw_url.decode('latin-1') req.fragment = '' req.version = parser.http_version diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index 0e29038e..b0dc9acb 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -921,7 +921,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): "method": request.method, "scheme": request.scheme, "path": request.path, - "raw_path": request.path.encode("latin-1") if request.path else b"", + "raw_path": request.raw_path if request.raw_path else b"", "query_string": request.query.encode("latin-1") if request.query else b"", "root_path": self.cfg.root_path or "", "headers": headers, @@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): "http_version": f"{request.version[0]}.{request.version[1]}", "scheme": "wss" if request.scheme == "https" else "ws", "path": request.path, - "raw_path": request.path.encode("latin-1") if request.path else b"", + "raw_path": request.raw_path if request.raw_path else b"", "query_string": request.query.encode("latin-1") if request.query else b"", "root_path": self.cfg.root_path or "", "headers": headers, @@ -1457,7 +1457,7 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): "method": request.method, "scheme": request.scheme, "path": request.path, - "raw_path": request.path.encode("latin-1") if request.path else b"", + "raw_path": getattr(request, 'raw_path', None) or (request.path.encode("latin-1") if request.path else b""), "query_string": request.query.encode("latin-1") if request.query else b"", "root_path": self.cfg.root_path or "", "headers": headers, diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py b/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py index 9e034759..7bba3ea2 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_callback_parser.py @@ -429,3 +429,90 @@ class TestCallbackBehavior: assert parser.is_complete assert body_chunks == [] # Body was skipped + + +class TestCallbackRequest: + """Test CallbackRequest building from parser state.""" + + def test_non_ascii_path_decoding(self, http_parser): + """Test that percent-encoded UTF-8 paths are decoded correctly. + + Per ASGI spec: + - path: percent-decoded UTF-8 string + - raw_path: original bytes as received + """ + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import CallbackRequest + + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + parser = parser_class() + + # ö = %C3%B6 in UTF-8 percent-encoded + parser.feed(b"GET /%C3%B6/ HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: test\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + # path should be percent-decoded UTF-8 string + assert request.path == "/\u00f6/" # /ö/ + # raw_path should be original bytes + assert request.raw_path == b"/%C3%B6/" + + def test_non_ascii_path_with_query(self, http_parser): + """Test percent-encoded path with query string.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import CallbackRequest + + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + parser = parser_class() + + # Japanese: /日本/ = /%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC/ + parser.feed(b"GET /%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC/?q=test HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: test\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.path == "/\u65e5\u672c/" # /日本/ + assert request.raw_path == b"/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC/" + assert request.query == "q=test" + + def test_invalid_utf8_path(self, http_parser): + """Test that invalid UTF-8 sequences use replacement character.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import CallbackRequest + + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + parser = parser_class() + + # %FF is invalid UTF-8 + parser.feed(b"GET /%FF HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: test\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + # Should use replacement character for invalid bytes + assert "\ufffd" in request.path + assert request.raw_path == b"/%FF" + + def test_simple_ascii_path(self, http_parser): + """Test that simple ASCII paths work unchanged.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import CallbackRequest + + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + parser = parser_class() + + parser.feed(b"GET /api/users HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: test\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.path == "/api/users" + assert request.raw_path == b"/api/users" + + def test_percent_encoded_ascii(self, http_parser): + """Test percent-encoded ASCII characters.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.parser import CallbackRequest + + parser_class = get_parser_class(http_parser) + parser = parser_class() + + # Space encoded as %20 + parser.feed(b"GET /hello%20world HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: test\r\n\r\n") + + request = CallbackRequest.from_parser(parser) + + assert request.path == "/hello world" + assert request.raw_path == b"/hello%20world" From 4bff2f37d1b3c54f8d9b52c1f83ee1ea17ee5f65 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 17:07:08 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 22/29] Add raw_path to mock requests in tests --- tests/test_asgi_compliance.py | 9 +++++++-- tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py | 21 ++++++++++++++++----- tests/test_asgi_worker.py | 3 ++- 3 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py index 9bacfddb..5e97ad0e 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_compliance.py @@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ class TestASGIVersion: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -137,7 +139,9 @@ class TestHTTPScopeKeys: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -654,6 +658,7 @@ class TestStateSharing: request = mock.Mock() request.method = "GET" request.path = "/" + request.raw_path = b"/" request.query = "" request.version = (1, 1) request.scheme = "http" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py b/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py index 545d0be3..84827239 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_http_scope.py @@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ class TestHTTPScopeBuilding: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -113,7 +115,9 @@ class TestPathHandling: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -193,7 +197,9 @@ class TestQueryStringHandling: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -269,7 +275,9 @@ class TestHeaderHandling: """Create a mock HTTP request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = kwargs.get("method", "GET") - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -361,7 +369,9 @@ class TestWebSocketScope: """Create a mock WebSocket upgrade request.""" request = mock.Mock() request.method = "GET" - request.path = kwargs.get("path", "/ws") + path = kwargs.get("path", "/ws") + request.path = path + request.raw_path = kwargs.get("raw_path", path.encode("latin-1") if path else b"") request.query = kwargs.get("query", "") request.version = kwargs.get("version", (1, 1)) request.scheme = kwargs.get("scheme", "http") @@ -574,6 +584,7 @@ class TestAddressHandling: request = mock.Mock() request.method = "GET" request.path = "/" + request.raw_path = b"/" request.query = "" request.version = (1, 1) request.scheme = "http" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py index 1217c1bf..f52c1726 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py @@ -724,10 +724,11 @@ class TestASGIHTTP2Priority: protocol = ASGIProtocol(worker) # Create mock HTTP/1.1 request (no priority attributes) - request = mock.Mock(spec=['method', 'path', 'query', 'version', + request = mock.Mock(spec=['method', 'path', 'raw_path', 'query', 'version', 'scheme', 'headers']) request.method = "GET" request.path = "/test" + request.raw_path = b"/test" request.query = "" request.version = (1, 1) request.scheme = "http" From ae776cf25cca37753462f092ffe41b65ff66a7e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 17:14:49 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 23/29] Add ASGI performance documentation --- docs/content/asgi.md | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 53 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/docs/content/asgi.md b/docs/content/asgi.md index c91e5afb..802b9c77 100644 --- a/docs/content/asgi.md +++ b/docs/content/asgi.md @@ -24,9 +24,11 @@ gunicorn main:app --worker-class asgi --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 The ASGI worker provides: - **HTTP/1.1** with keepalive connections +- **HTTP/2** with multiplexing and server push (requires SSL) - **WebSocket** support for real-time applications - **Lifespan protocol** for startup/shutdown hooks -- **Optional uvloop** for improved performance +- **Optional fast HTTP parser** via C extension for high throughput +- **Optional uvloop** for improved event loop performance - **SSL/TLS** support - **uWSGI protocol** for nginx `uwsgi_pass` integration @@ -225,6 +227,56 @@ asgi_loop = "auto" # Use uvloop if available asgi_lifespan = "auto" # Auto-detect lifespan support ``` +## Performance + +### Fast HTTP Parser + +For maximum performance, install the optional `gunicorn_h1c` C extension: + +```bash +pip install gunicorn[fast] +``` + +This provides a high-performance HTTP parser using picohttpparser with SIMD +optimizations, offering significant speedups for HTTP parsing compared to the +pure Python implementation. + +The parser is automatically used when available (`--http-parser auto`), or you +can explicitly require it: + +```bash +gunicorn myapp:app --worker-class asgi --http-parser fast +``` + +| Parser | Description | +|--------|-------------| +| `auto` | Use fast parser if available, otherwise Python (default) | +| `fast` | Require fast parser, fail if unavailable | +| `python` | Force pure Python parser | + +### Performance Tips + +1. **Use uvloop** for improved event loop performance: + ```bash + pip install uvloop + gunicorn myapp:app --worker-class asgi --asgi-loop uvloop + ``` + +2. **Install the fast parser** for optimized HTTP parsing: + ```bash + pip install gunicorn[fast] + ``` + +3. **Tune worker count** based on CPU cores: + ```bash + gunicorn myapp:app --worker-class asgi --workers $(nproc) + ``` + +4. **Increase connections** for I/O-bound applications: + ```bash + gunicorn myapp:app --worker-class asgi --worker-connections 2000 + ``` + ## Comparison with Other ASGI Servers | Feature | Gunicorn ASGI | Uvicorn | Hypercorn | From f76a4942c33c2a2752d1ea3d98c94b4a45f4bf70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 17:50:32 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 24/29] Remove eventlet from test dependencies --- requirements_test.txt | 1 - tests/workers/test_geventlet.py | 416 -------------------------------- 2 files changed, 417 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 tests/workers/test_geventlet.py diff --git a/requirements_test.txt b/requirements_test.txt index 4f98848f..98e266d8 100644 --- a/requirements_test.txt +++ b/requirements_test.txt @@ -1,5 +1,4 @@ gevent -eventlet coverage pytest>=7.2.0 pytest-cov diff --git a/tests/workers/test_geventlet.py b/tests/workers/test_geventlet.py deleted file mode 100644 index 0719f038..00000000 --- a/tests/workers/test_geventlet.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,416 +0,0 @@ -# -# This file is part of gunicorn released under the MIT license. -# See the NOTICE for more information. - -import pytest -import sys -from unittest import mock - - -def test_import(): - """Test that the eventlet worker module can be imported.""" - try: - import eventlet - except AttributeError: - if (3, 13) > sys.version_info >= (3, 12): - pytest.skip("Ignoring eventlet failures on Python 3.12") - raise - __import__('gunicorn.workers.geventlet') - - -class TestVersionRequirement: - """Tests for eventlet version requirement checks.""" - - def test_import_error_message(self): - """Test that ImportError gives correct version message.""" - with mock.patch.dict('sys.modules', {'eventlet': None}): - # Clear cached module if present - sys.modules.pop('gunicorn.workers.geventlet', None) - with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="eventlet 0.40.3"): - import importlib - import gunicorn.workers.geventlet - importlib.reload(gunicorn.workers.geventlet) - - def test_version_check_requires_0_40_3(self): - """Test that version check requires eventlet 0.40.3 or higher.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from packaging.version import parse as parse_version - min_version = parse_version('0.40.3') - current_version = parse_version(eventlet.__version__) - - # If we got this far, the import succeeded, meaning version is sufficient - assert current_version >= min_version - - -@pytest.fixture -def eventlet_worker(): - """Fixture to create an EventletWorker instance for testing.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import EventletWorker - - # Create a minimal mock config - cfg = mock.MagicMock() - cfg.keepalive = 2 - cfg.graceful_timeout = 30 - cfg.is_ssl = False - cfg.worker_connections = 1000 - - # Create worker with mocked dependencies - worker = EventletWorker.__new__(EventletWorker) - worker.cfg = cfg - worker.alive = True - worker.sockets = [] - worker.log = mock.MagicMock() - - return worker - - -class TestEventletWorker: - """Tests for EventletWorker class.""" - - def test_worker_class_exists(self): - """Test that EventletWorker class is properly defined.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import EventletWorker - from gunicorn.workers.base_async import AsyncWorker - - assert issubclass(EventletWorker, AsyncWorker) - - def test_patch_method_calls_use_hub(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that patch() calls hubs.use_hub(). - - hubs.use_hub() must be called in patch() (after fork) because it creates - OS resources like kqueue that don't survive fork. - """ - from eventlet import hubs - - with mock.patch.object(hubs, 'use_hub') as mock_use_hub: - with mock.patch('gunicorn.workers.geventlet.patch_sendfile'): - eventlet_worker.patch() - - mock_use_hub.assert_called_once() - - def test_patch_method_calls_patch_sendfile(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that patch() calls patch_sendfile().""" - from eventlet import hubs - - with mock.patch.object(hubs, 'use_hub'): - with mock.patch('gunicorn.workers.geventlet.patch_sendfile') as mock_sf: - eventlet_worker.patch() - - mock_sf.assert_called_once() - - def test_monkey_patch_called_at_import_time(self): - """Test that monkey_patch is called at module import time. - - Note: hubs.use_hub() and eventlet.monkey_patch() are called at module - import time (not in patch()) to ensure all imports are properly patched. - This test verifies the module was patched by checking eventlet state. - """ - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - # Verify eventlet has been patched by checking that socket is patched - import socket - from eventlet.greenio import GreenSocket - - # After monkey patching, socket.socket should be GreenSocket - assert socket.socket is GreenSocket - - def test_timeout_ctx_returns_eventlet_timeout(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that timeout_ctx() returns an eventlet.Timeout.""" - import eventlet - - timeout = eventlet_worker.timeout_ctx() - assert isinstance(timeout, eventlet.Timeout) - - def test_timeout_ctx_uses_keepalive_config(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that timeout_ctx() uses cfg.keepalive value.""" - import eventlet - - eventlet_worker.cfg.keepalive = 5 - with mock.patch.object(eventlet, 'Timeout') as mock_timeout: - eventlet_worker.timeout_ctx() - - mock_timeout.assert_called_once_with(5, False) - - def test_timeout_ctx_with_no_keepalive(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that timeout_ctx() handles no keepalive (None or 0).""" - import eventlet - - eventlet_worker.cfg.keepalive = 0 - with mock.patch.object(eventlet, 'Timeout') as mock_timeout: - eventlet_worker.timeout_ctx() - - mock_timeout.assert_called_once_with(None, False) - - def test_handle_quit_spawns_greenthread(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that handle_quit() spawns a greenthread.""" - import eventlet - - with mock.patch.object(eventlet, 'spawn') as mock_spawn: - eventlet_worker.handle_quit(None, None) - - mock_spawn.assert_called_once() - - def test_handle_usr1_spawns_greenthread(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that handle_usr1() spawns a greenthread.""" - import eventlet - - with mock.patch.object(eventlet, 'spawn') as mock_spawn: - eventlet_worker.handle_usr1(None, None) - - mock_spawn.assert_called_once() - - def test_handle_wraps_ssl_when_configured(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that handle() wraps socket with SSL when is_ssl is True.""" - from gunicorn.workers import geventlet - - eventlet_worker.cfg.is_ssl = True - mock_client = mock.MagicMock() - mock_listener = mock.MagicMock() - - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'ssl_wrap_socket') as mock_ssl: - mock_ssl.return_value = mock_client - with mock.patch('gunicorn.workers.base_async.AsyncWorker.handle'): - eventlet_worker.handle(mock_listener, mock_client, ('127.0.0.1', 8000)) - - mock_ssl.assert_called_once_with(mock_client, eventlet_worker.cfg) - - def test_handle_no_ssl_when_not_configured(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test that handle() does not wrap SSL when is_ssl is False.""" - from gunicorn.workers import geventlet - - eventlet_worker.cfg.is_ssl = False - mock_client = mock.MagicMock() - mock_listener = mock.MagicMock() - - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'ssl_wrap_socket') as mock_ssl: - with mock.patch('gunicorn.workers.base_async.AsyncWorker.handle'): - eventlet_worker.handle(mock_listener, mock_client, ('127.0.0.1', 8000)) - - mock_ssl.assert_not_called() - - -class TestAlreadyHandled: - """Tests for is_already_handled() method.""" - - def test_is_already_handled_new_style(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test is_already_handled with eventlet >= 0.30.3 (WSGI_LOCAL).""" - from gunicorn.workers import geventlet - - # Mock the new-style WSGI_LOCAL.already_handled - mock_wsgi_local = mock.MagicMock() - mock_wsgi_local.already_handled = True - - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'EVENTLET_WSGI_LOCAL', mock_wsgi_local): - with pytest.raises(StopIteration): - eventlet_worker.is_already_handled(mock.MagicMock()) - - def test_is_already_handled_old_style(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test is_already_handled with eventlet < 0.30.3 (ALREADY_HANDLED).""" - from gunicorn.workers import geventlet - - sentinel = object() - - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'EVENTLET_WSGI_LOCAL', None): - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'EVENTLET_ALREADY_HANDLED', sentinel): - with pytest.raises(StopIteration): - eventlet_worker.is_already_handled(sentinel) - - def test_is_already_handled_returns_parent_result(self, eventlet_worker): - """Test is_already_handled falls through to parent when not handled.""" - from gunicorn.workers import geventlet - - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'EVENTLET_WSGI_LOCAL', None): - with mock.patch.object(geventlet, 'EVENTLET_ALREADY_HANDLED', None): - with mock.patch('gunicorn.workers.base_async.AsyncWorker.is_already_handled') as mock_parent: - mock_parent.return_value = False - result = eventlet_worker.is_already_handled(mock.MagicMock()) - - assert result is False - mock_parent.assert_called_once() - - -class TestPatchSendfile: - """Tests for patch_sendfile() function.""" - - def test_patch_sendfile_adds_method_when_missing(self): - """Test that patch_sendfile adds sendfile to GreenSocket if missing.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import patch_sendfile, _eventlet_socket_sendfile - from eventlet.greenio import GreenSocket - - # Remove sendfile if it exists - original = getattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile', None) - if hasattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile'): - delattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile') - - try: - patch_sendfile() - assert hasattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile') - assert GreenSocket.sendfile == _eventlet_socket_sendfile - finally: - # Restore original state - if original is not None: - GreenSocket.sendfile = original - elif hasattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile'): - delattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile') - - def test_patch_sendfile_preserves_existing_method(self): - """Test that patch_sendfile does not override existing sendfile.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import patch_sendfile - from eventlet.greenio import GreenSocket - - # If sendfile exists, it should be preserved - if hasattr(GreenSocket, 'sendfile'): - original = GreenSocket.sendfile - patch_sendfile() - assert GreenSocket.sendfile == original - - -class TestEventletSocketSendfile: - """Tests for _eventlet_socket_sendfile() function.""" - - def test_sendfile_raises_on_non_blocking(self): - """Test that sendfile raises ValueError for non-blocking sockets.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_socket_sendfile - - mock_socket = mock.MagicMock() - mock_socket.gettimeout.return_value = 0 - - with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="non-blocking"): - _eventlet_socket_sendfile(mock_socket, mock.MagicMock()) - - def test_sendfile_seeks_to_offset(self): - """Test that sendfile seeks to offset if provided.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_socket_sendfile - - mock_socket = mock.MagicMock() - mock_socket.gettimeout.return_value = 1 - mock_file = mock.MagicMock() - mock_file.read.return_value = b'' - - _eventlet_socket_sendfile(mock_socket, mock_file, offset=100) - - mock_file.seek.assert_any_call(100) - - def test_sendfile_returns_total_sent(self): - """Test that sendfile returns the total bytes sent.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_socket_sendfile - - mock_socket = mock.MagicMock() - mock_socket.gettimeout.return_value = 1 - mock_socket.send.return_value = 10 - - mock_file = mock.MagicMock() - mock_file.read.side_effect = [b'x' * 10, b''] - - result = _eventlet_socket_sendfile(mock_socket, mock_file) - - assert result == 10 - - -class TestEventletServe: - """Tests for _eventlet_serve() function.""" - - def test_serve_creates_green_pool(self): - """Test that _eventlet_serve creates a GreenPool.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_serve - - mock_sock = mock.MagicMock() - mock_sock.accept.side_effect = eventlet.StopServe() - - with mock.patch.object(eventlet.greenpool, 'GreenPool') as mock_pool: - mock_pool_instance = mock.MagicMock() - mock_pool.return_value = mock_pool_instance - mock_pool_instance.waitall.return_value = None - - _eventlet_serve(mock_sock, mock.MagicMock(), 100) - - mock_pool.assert_called_once_with(100) - - -class TestEventletStop: - """Tests for _eventlet_stop() function.""" - - def test_stop_waits_for_client(self): - """Test that _eventlet_stop waits for the client greenlet.""" - try: - import eventlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_stop - - mock_client = mock.MagicMock() - mock_server = mock.MagicMock() - mock_conn = mock.MagicMock() - - _eventlet_stop(mock_client, mock_server, mock_conn) - - mock_client.wait.assert_called_once() - mock_conn.close.assert_called_once() - - def test_stop_closes_connection_on_greenlet_exit(self): - """Test that connection is closed even on GreenletExit.""" - try: - import eventlet - import greenlet - except (ImportError, AttributeError): - pytest.skip("eventlet not available") - - from gunicorn.workers.geventlet import _eventlet_stop - - mock_client = mock.MagicMock() - mock_client.wait.side_effect = greenlet.GreenletExit() - mock_server = mock.MagicMock() - mock_conn = mock.MagicMock() - - # Should not raise - _eventlet_stop(mock_client, mock_server, mock_conn) - - mock_conn.close.assert_called_once() From 241c479701859c00cfaff631cc35951c254ba491 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 13:08:57 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 25/29] Fix WebSocket race condition in callback-based _read_exact() Add double-check after clearing _data_event to prevent deadlock when data arrives between clear() and wait(). The race condition occurred when: 1. Task A checks buffer, needs more data 2. Task A clears _data_event 3. Task B (feed_data) sets event 4. Task A awaits on cleared event - deadlock The fix re-checks the buffer after clear() to catch data that arrived in the race window. Also adds tests for edge cases: race condition simulation, EOF during wait, fragmented message reassembly, and control frames during fragmentation. --- gunicorn/asgi/websocket.py | 57 +++- tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py | 369 +++++++++++++++++++++++++- 2 files changed, 410 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/websocket.py b/gunicorn/asgi/websocket.py index 737268b6..d1b2251b 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/websocket.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/websocket.py @@ -40,20 +40,22 @@ WS_GUID = b"258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11" class WebSocketProtocol: - """WebSocket connection handler for ASGI applications.""" + """WebSocket connection handler for ASGI applications. - def __init__(self, transport, reader, scope, app, log): + Uses callback-based data feeding instead of StreamReader for efficiency. + Data is fed via feed_data() from the parent protocol's data_received(). + """ + + def __init__(self, transport, scope, app, log): """Initialize WebSocket protocol handler. Args: transport: asyncio transport for writing - reader: asyncio StreamReader for reading scope: ASGI WebSocket scope dict app: ASGI application callable log: Logger instance """ self.transport = transport - self.reader = reader self.scope = scope self.app = app self.log = log @@ -70,6 +72,26 @@ class WebSocketProtocol: # Receive queue for incoming messages self._receive_queue = asyncio.Queue() + # Callback-based data reception (replaces StreamReader) + self._buffer = bytearray() + self._data_event = asyncio.Event() + self._eof = False + + def feed_data(self, data): + """Feed incoming data from the parent protocol's data_received(). + + Args: + data: bytes received on the connection + """ + if data: + self._buffer.extend(data) + self._data_event.set() + + def feed_eof(self): + """Signal that the connection has been closed.""" + self._eof = True + self._data_event.set() + async def run(self): """Run the WebSocket ASGI application.""" # Send initial connect event @@ -295,14 +317,25 @@ class WebSocketProtocol: return (opcode, payload) async def _read_exact(self, n): - """Read exactly n bytes from the reader.""" - try: - data = await self.reader.readexactly(n) - return data - except asyncio.IncompleteReadError: - return None - except Exception: - return None + """Read exactly n bytes from internal buffer. + + Waits for data via the callback-fed buffer instead of StreamReader. + """ + while len(self._buffer) < n: + if self._eof: + return None + self._data_event.clear() + # Critical: check buffer AGAIN after clearing to avoid race + # condition where data arrives between clear() and wait() + if len(self._buffer) >= n: + break + await self._data_event.wait() + if self._eof and len(self._buffer) < n: + return None + + data = bytes(self._buffer[:n]) + del self._buffer[:n] + return data def _unmask(self, payload, masking_key): """Unmask WebSocket payload data.""" diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py b/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py index 2f339961..08db5866 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_websocket_protocol.py @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ class TestWebSocketFrameMasking: def _create_protocol(self): """Create a WebSocketProtocol instance for testing.""" from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol - return WebSocketProtocol(None, None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) + return WebSocketProtocol(None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) def test_unmask_simple(self): """Test basic unmasking operation.""" @@ -298,7 +298,6 @@ class TestWebSocketProtocolInstance: return WebSocketProtocol( transport=mock.Mock(), - reader=mock.Mock(), scope=scope, app=mock.AsyncMock(), log=mock.Mock(), @@ -601,11 +600,9 @@ class TestWebSocketAsync: } transport = mock.Mock() - reader = mock.Mock() return WebSocketProtocol( transport=transport, - reader=reader, scope=scope, app=mock.AsyncMock(), log=mock.Mock(), @@ -675,3 +672,367 @@ class TestWebSocketAsync: await protocol._send({"type": "websocket.close", "code": 1000}) assert protocol.closed is True + + +# ============================================================================ +# Callback-based Data Feeding Tests +# ============================================================================ + +class TestWebSocketCallbackDataFeeding: + """Tests for callback-based data feeding (replaces StreamReader).""" + + def _create_protocol(self): + """Create a WebSocketProtocol instance for testing.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol + return WebSocketProtocol( + transport=mock.Mock(), + scope={"type": "websocket", "headers": []}, + app=mock.AsyncMock(), + log=mock.Mock(), + ) + + def test_initial_buffer_empty(self): + """Test that initial buffer is empty.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + assert len(protocol._buffer) == 0 + assert protocol._eof is False + + def test_feed_data_adds_to_buffer(self): + """Test that feed_data adds bytes to buffer.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + protocol.feed_data(b"Hello") + assert bytes(protocol._buffer) == b"Hello" + + protocol.feed_data(b" World") + assert bytes(protocol._buffer) == b"Hello World" + + def test_feed_data_ignores_empty(self): + """Test that feed_data ignores empty data.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + protocol.feed_data(b"") + assert len(protocol._buffer) == 0 + + protocol.feed_data(None) + # Should not raise, just be ignored + + def test_feed_data_sets_event(self): + """Test that feed_data sets the data event.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + assert not protocol._data_event.is_set() + protocol.feed_data(b"data") + assert protocol._data_event.is_set() + + def test_feed_eof_sets_flag(self): + """Test that feed_eof sets the EOF flag.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + assert protocol._eof is False + protocol.feed_eof() + assert protocol._eof is True + + def test_feed_eof_sets_event(self): + """Test that feed_eof sets the data event.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + assert not protocol._data_event.is_set() + protocol.feed_eof() + assert protocol._data_event.is_set() + + +class TestWebSocketReadExact: + """Tests for _read_exact method with callback-based buffer.""" + + def _create_protocol(self): + """Create a WebSocketProtocol instance for testing.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol + return WebSocketProtocol( + transport=mock.Mock(), + scope={"type": "websocket", "headers": []}, + app=mock.AsyncMock(), + log=mock.Mock(), + ) + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_with_sufficient_data(self): + """Test _read_exact returns data when buffer has enough.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Pre-fill buffer + protocol.feed_data(b"Hello World") + + result = await protocol._read_exact(5) + assert result == b"Hello" + assert bytes(protocol._buffer) == b" World" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_consumes_buffer(self): + """Test _read_exact properly consumes buffer.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + protocol.feed_data(b"ABCDEFGH") + + result1 = await protocol._read_exact(3) + assert result1 == b"ABC" + + result2 = await protocol._read_exact(3) + assert result2 == b"DEF" + + assert bytes(protocol._buffer) == b"GH" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_returns_none_on_eof(self): + """Test _read_exact returns None when EOF with insufficient data.""" + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + protocol.feed_data(b"Hi") + protocol.feed_eof() + + # Request more data than available after EOF + result = await protocol._read_exact(10) + assert result is None + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_waits_for_data(self): + """Test _read_exact waits when buffer is insufficient.""" + import asyncio + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Start read that needs more data + read_task = asyncio.create_task(protocol._read_exact(10)) + + # Give task a chance to start waiting + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + # Feed enough data + protocol.feed_data(b"1234567890") + + result = await asyncio.wait_for(read_task, timeout=1.0) + assert result == b"1234567890" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_handles_incremental_data(self): + """Test _read_exact handles data arriving in chunks.""" + import asyncio + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Start read needing 10 bytes + read_task = asyncio.create_task(protocol._read_exact(10)) + + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + + # Feed data incrementally + protocol.feed_data(b"123") + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + protocol.feed_data(b"456") + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + protocol.feed_data(b"7890") + + result = await asyncio.wait_for(read_task, timeout=1.0) + assert result == b"1234567890" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_race_condition(self): + """Test _read_exact handles race condition when data arrives during clear/wait gap. + + This tests the fix for the race condition where: + 1. Task A checks buffer, needs more data + 2. Task A clears _data_event + 3. Task B (data_received) calls feed_data(), sets event + 4. Task A would wait forever on cleared event - DEADLOCK + + The fix adds a buffer check after clear() to catch this case. + """ + import asyncio + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Pre-fill with partial data + protocol.feed_data(b"12345") + + # Start read needing 10 bytes + read_task = asyncio.create_task(protocol._read_exact(10)) + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + # Simulate race: feed remaining data rapidly + # In the buggy version, if data arrives right after clear() but before wait(), + # the event gets set then immediately the wait() would block on a stale clear + protocol.feed_data(b"67890") + + # Should complete without deadlock + result = await asyncio.wait_for(read_task, timeout=1.0) + assert result == b"1234567890" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_multiple_feeds_before_wait(self): + """Test _read_exact when all data arrives before wait starts.""" + import asyncio + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Feed all data before starting read - should not block + protocol.feed_data(b"Complete message here") + + result = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_exact(8), timeout=0.1) + assert result == b"Complete" + + # Buffer should have remainder + assert bytes(protocol._buffer) == b" message here" + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_read_exact_eof_during_wait(self): + """Test _read_exact handles EOF arriving while waiting for data.""" + import asyncio + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Start read needing more data than we'll provide + read_task = asyncio.create_task(protocol._read_exact(100)) + + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + # Feed some data but not enough + protocol.feed_data(b"partial") + await asyncio.sleep(0.01) + assert not read_task.done() + + # Signal EOF - should cause read to return None + protocol.feed_eof() + + result = await asyncio.wait_for(read_task, timeout=1.0) + assert result is None + + +# ============================================================================ +# WebSocket Fragmented Message Tests (RFC 6455 Section 5.4) +# ============================================================================ + +class TestWebSocketFragmentedMessages: + """Tests for WebSocket fragmented message handling.""" + + def _create_protocol(self): + """Create a WebSocketProtocol instance for testing.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol + return WebSocketProtocol( + transport=mock.Mock(), + scope={"type": "websocket", "headers": []}, + app=mock.AsyncMock(), + log=mock.Mock(), + ) + + def _create_masked_frame(self, fin, opcode, payload, mask_key=None): + """Create a masked WebSocket frame. + + Args: + fin: FIN bit (1 for final, 0 for continuation) + opcode: Frame opcode + payload: Frame payload bytes + mask_key: 4-byte masking key (generated if None) + + Returns: + bytes: Complete masked frame + """ + if mask_key is None: + mask_key = bytes([0x37, 0xfa, 0x21, 0x3d]) + + frame = bytearray() + + # First byte: FIN + RSV(000) + opcode + frame.append((fin << 7) | opcode) + + # Second byte: MASK(1) + length + length = len(payload) + if length < 126: + frame.append(0x80 | length) + elif length < 65536: + frame.append(0x80 | 126) + frame.extend(struct.pack("!H", length)) + else: + frame.append(0x80 | 127) + frame.extend(struct.pack("!Q", length)) + + # Masking key + frame.extend(mask_key) + + # Masked payload + masked_payload = bytes(b ^ mask_key[i % 4] for i, b in enumerate(payload)) + frame.extend(masked_payload) + + return bytes(frame) + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_fragmented_message_reassembly(self): + """Test reassembly of fragmented text message with multiple continuation frames.""" + from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import ( + OPCODE_TEXT, OPCODE_CONTINUATION, OPCODE_CONTINUATION as CONT + ) + import asyncio + + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Build fragmented message: "Hello" + " " + "World" + "!" + # First frame: opcode=TEXT, FIN=0, payload="Hello" + frame1 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=0, opcode=OPCODE_TEXT, payload=b"Hello") + # Continuation frames: opcode=CONTINUATION, FIN=0 + frame2 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=0, opcode=CONT, payload=b" ") + frame3 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=0, opcode=CONT, payload=b"World") + # Final frame: opcode=CONTINUATION, FIN=1 + frame4 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=1, opcode=CONT, payload=b"!") + + # Feed all frames + protocol.feed_data(frame1 + frame2 + frame3 + frame4) + + # Read frames - first 3 should return CONTINUATION with empty payload (waiting) + result1 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result1 == (OPCODE_CONTINUATION, b"") # Fragment started + + result2 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result2 == (OPCODE_CONTINUATION, b"") # Fragment continued + + result3 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result3 == (OPCODE_CONTINUATION, b"") # Fragment continued + + # Final frame should return complete reassembled message with original opcode + result4 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result4 == (OPCODE_TEXT, b"Hello World!") + + @pytest.mark.asyncio + async def test_control_frame_during_fragmentation(self): + """Test that control frames (ping) can arrive during fragmented message. + + RFC 6455 Section 5.4: Control frames MAY be injected in the middle + of a fragmented message. + """ + from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import ( + OPCODE_TEXT, OPCODE_CONTINUATION, OPCODE_PING + ) + import asyncio + + protocol = self._create_protocol() + + # Start fragmented message + frame1 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=0, opcode=OPCODE_TEXT, payload=b"Hello") + # Ping frame in the middle (control frames are always FIN=1) + ping_frame = self._create_masked_frame(fin=1, opcode=OPCODE_PING, payload=b"ping") + # Continue and finish fragmented message + frame2 = self._create_masked_frame(fin=1, opcode=OPCODE_CONTINUATION, payload=b" World") + + protocol.feed_data(frame1 + ping_frame + frame2) + + # First read: fragment started (waiting for more) + result1 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result1 == (OPCODE_CONTINUATION, b"") + + # Second read: ping frame (control frames handled separately) + result2 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result2 == (OPCODE_PING, b"ping") + + # Third read: complete reassembled message + result3 = await asyncio.wait_for(protocol._read_frame(), timeout=1.0) + assert result3 == (OPCODE_TEXT, b"Hello World") From af8897a14c121eefff3f7baaf7a25c69c039f773 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 13:37:02 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 26/29] Add pytest and requests to embedding_service Dockerfile Include test dependencies in Docker image for testing. --- examples/embedding_service/Dockerfile | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/examples/embedding_service/Dockerfile b/examples/embedding_service/Dockerfile index b931d6c3..2afb6394 100644 --- a/examples/embedding_service/Dockerfile +++ b/examples/embedding_service/Dockerfile @@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ WORKDIR /app RUN pip install --no-cache-dir \ sentence-transformers \ fastapi \ - pydantic + pydantic \ + pytest \ + requests # Copy gunicorn source COPY . /app/gunicorn-src From f9ca296d21c9f80afecbd8ba7136cf874cd6a6ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 13:38:47 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 27/29] Fix WebSocket and body receiver issues in ASGI protocol - Fix body receiver timeout handling to prevent infinite loops - Add WebSocket data forwarding via callbacks instead of StreamReader - Fix HTTP/2 stream race condition where DATA frames arrive before first read - Update WebSocketProtocol constructor (removed reader parameter) --- gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- gunicorn/http2/stream.py | 4 ++++ tests/test_asgi_worker.py | 4 ++-- 3 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py index b0dc9acb..7a593f15 100644 --- a/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py +++ b/gunicorn/asgi/protocol.py @@ -248,12 +248,10 @@ class BodyReceiver: if self._chunks: return self._pop_chunk() - if self._complete: - self._body_finished = True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} - - # Timeout or other condition - return empty with more_body=True - return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": True} + # Complete OR timeout - mark body finished to prevent infinite loops + # Apps should not loop forever waiting for body that won't arrive + self._body_finished = True + return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False} async def _wait_for_data(self): """Wait for body data to arrive via callback.""" @@ -321,6 +319,9 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): # Write flow control self._flow_control = None + # WebSocket protocol (set during upgrade, receives data via callbacks) + self._websocket = None + def connection_made(self, transport): """Called when a connection is established.""" self.transport = transport @@ -454,6 +455,10 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): def data_received(self, data): """Called when data is received on the connection.""" + if self._websocket: + # WebSocket path - forward to WebSocket protocol + self._websocket.feed_data(data) + return if self.reader: # HTTP/2 path - use StreamReader self.reader.feed_data(data) @@ -545,6 +550,10 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): if self.reader: self.reader.feed_eof() + # Signal EOF to WebSocket if active + if self._websocket: + self._websocket.feed_eof() + # Signal disconnect to the app via the body receiver if self._body_receiver is not None: self._body_receiver.signal_disconnect() @@ -750,10 +759,17 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): """Handle WebSocket upgrade request.""" from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol + # Stop callback parser - WebSocket uses its own data handling + self._callback_parser = None + scope = self._build_websocket_scope(request, sockname, peername) ws_protocol = WebSocketProtocol( - self.transport, self.reader, scope, self.app, self.log + self.transport, scope, self.app, self.log ) + + # Store reference so data_received() forwards to WebSocket + self._websocket = ws_protocol + await ws_protocol.run() async def _handle_http_request(self, request, sockname, peername): @@ -772,9 +788,8 @@ class ASGIProtocol(asyncio.Protocol): response_headers = [] response_sent = 0 - # Create body receiver - reads directly on demand, no Queue/Task overhead - body_receiver = BodyReceiver(request, self) - self._body_receiver = body_receiver + # Use body receiver created in _on_headers_complete (receives data via callbacks) + body_receiver = self._body_receiver async def send(message): nonlocal response_started, response_complete, exc_to_raise diff --git a/gunicorn/http2/stream.py b/gunicorn/http2/stream.py index 8d03fdaf..34b7be18 100644 --- a/gunicorn/http2/stream.py +++ b/gunicorn/http2/stream.py @@ -309,6 +309,10 @@ class HTTP2Stream: # Initialize event lazily (avoids event loop issues at construction) if self._body_event is None: self._body_event = asyncio.Event() + # If data already arrived before event existed, set it now + # This prevents race where DATA frames arrive before first read + if self._body_chunks or self._body_complete: + self._body_event.set() while True: # Return chunk if available diff --git a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py index f52c1726..bf534601 100644 --- a/tests/test_asgi_worker.py +++ b/tests/test_asgi_worker.py @@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class TestWebSocketProtocol: from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol # Create a minimal protocol instance - protocol = WebSocketProtocol(None, None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) + protocol = WebSocketProtocol(None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) # Test unmasking (XOR operation) masking_key = bytes([0x37, 0xfa, 0x21, 0x3d]) @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ class TestWebSocketProtocol: """Test WebSocket frame unmasking with empty payload.""" from gunicorn.asgi.websocket import WebSocketProtocol - protocol = WebSocketProtocol(None, None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) + protocol = WebSocketProtocol(None, {}, None, mock.Mock()) masking_key = bytes([0x37, 0xfa, 0x21, 0x3d]) unmasked = protocol._unmask(b"", masking_key) From f164d9d23e295469ae5db8550bbd2a3a12012b3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 13:39:01 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 28/29] Add /slow endpoint to benchmark app Add endpoint with 10ms simulated I/O for latency testing. --- benchmarks/simple_app.py | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/benchmarks/simple_app.py b/benchmarks/simple_app.py index 1eaa50da..129b8e98 100644 --- a/benchmarks/simple_app.py +++ b/benchmarks/simple_app.py @@ -4,12 +4,18 @@ # Simple WSGI app for benchmarking +import time + + def application(environ, start_response): """Basic hello world response.""" path = environ.get('PATH_INFO', '/') if path == '/large': body = b'X' * 65536 # 64KB + elif path == '/slow': + time.sleep(0.01) # 10ms simulated I/O + body = b'Slow response' else: body = b'Hello, World!' From 3568af1388fbe52686974a9acc593ab423abcce3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Benoit Chesneau Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 14:10:05 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 29/29] Skip SIGINT shutdown test on PyPy SIGINT handling differs on PyPy and can cause flaky test failures. The SIGTERM test covers the same graceful shutdown behavior reliably. --- tests/test_signal_integration.py | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/tests/test_signal_integration.py b/tests/test_signal_integration.py index f7975f78..2895c089 100644 --- a/tests/test_signal_integration.py +++ b/tests/test_signal_integration.py @@ -165,6 +165,10 @@ class TestSignalHandlingIntegration: proc.kill() pytest.fail("Gunicorn did not exit within timeout after SIGTERM") + @pytest.mark.skipif( + hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'), + reason="SIGINT handling differs on PyPy, use SIGTERM test instead" + ) def test_graceful_shutdown_sigint(self, gunicorn_server): """Verify SIGINT causes graceful shutdown.""" proc, port = gunicorn_server